short

adj, adv, noun and 2 more — 43 senses

short

adj

UK /ʃɔːt/ · US /ʃɔɹt/

Etymology From Middle English schort, short, from Old English sċeort, sċort (“short”), from Proto-West Germanic *skurt, from Proto-Germanic *skurtaz (“short”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-. Doublet of shirt, skirt, and curt. Cognates Cognate with Scots short, schort (“short”), French court, Dutch kort, German kurz, Old High German scurz (“short”) (whence Middle High German schurz), Old Norse skorta (“to lack”) (whence Danish skorte), Albanian shkurt (“short, brief”), Latin curtus (“shortened, incomplete”) and Proto-Slavic *kortъkъ. See more at shirt.

18 senses
  1. 1Having a small distance from one end or edge to another…
  2. 2Of a person, living being, or object, having a…
  3. 3Having little duration.
  4. 4Of a word or phrase, constituting an abbreviation (for…
  5. 5Of a fielder or fielding position, that is relatively…
  6. 6Of a ball, bowled so that it bounces relatively far from…
  7. 7Of an approach shot or putt, that falls short of the…
  8. 8Of betting odds, offering a small return for the money wagered.
  9. 9Of pastries or (metallurgy) of materials, brittle, crumbly.
  10. 10Abrupt, brief, pointed, curt.
  11. 11Limited in quantity; inadequate; insufficient; scanty.
  12. 12Insufficiently provided; inadequately supplied…
  13. 13Deficient; less; not coming up to a measure or standard.
  14. 14Undiluted; neat.
  15. 15Not distant in time; near at hand.
  16. 16Being in a financial investment position that is…
  17. 17Doubtful of, skeptical of.
  18. 18Of money, given in the fewest possible notes, i.e. those…
1

Having a small distance from one end or edge to another, either horizontally or vertically.

2

Of a person, living being, or object, having a comparatively small height.

  • Nhung Ngo had the shortest legs at Site-43. She was the shortest member of staff, two inches beneath the positively elfin Delfina Ibanez, and yet Lillian found her inexplicably difficult to shake. Power-walking down the halls didn't do the trick, as it always did when Wettle-dodging, since the diminutive headshrink kept disappearing into commissaries or service corridors or even other people's offices and emerging, smiling, in front of her.2022 September 22, HarryBlank, “Mind Over Matter”, in SCP Foundation, archived from the original on 23 May 2024:
3

Having little duration.

  • Our meeting was a short six minutes today. Every day for the past month it’s been at least twenty minutes long.
  • The results of this generalized speedup of the corporate metabolism are multiple: shorter product life cycles, more leasing and renting, more frequent buying and selling, more ephemeral consumption patterns, […]1980, Alvin Toffler, The Third Wave, page 230:
2 more examples
  • Last spring, the periodical cicadas emerged across eastern North America. Their vast numbers and short above-ground life spans inspired awe and irritation in humans—and made for good meals for birds and small mammals.2012 March-April, Anna Lena Phillips, “Sneaky Silk Moths”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 2, archived from the original on 19 Feb 2013, page 172:
  • Having attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, or ADHD, is associated with a shorter life expectancy and a greater risk of mental health issues, according to a new study of more than 30,000 people with the disorder in the United Kingdom.2025 January 23, Kristen Rogers, “People with ADHD have shorter life expectancy and higher risk of mental health issues, study finds”, in CNN:
4

Followed by for Of a word or phrase, constituting an abbreviation (for another) or shortened form (of another).

  • "Phone" is short for "telephone" and "asap" short for "as soon as possible".
5

Ball games, Cricket, Games, Hobbies, Lifestyle, Sports Of a fielder or fielding position, that is relatively close to the batsman.

6

Ball games, Cricket, Games, Hobbies, Lifestyle, Sports Of a ball, bowled so that it bounces relatively far from the batsman.

7

Golf, Hobbies, Lifestyle, Sports Of an approach shot or putt, that falls short of the green or the hole.

8

Gambling, Games Of betting odds, offering a small return for the money wagered.

9

Baking, Cooking, Food, Lifestyle Of pastries or (metallurgy) of materials, brittle, crumbly.

  • shortbread
  • hot short
1 more example
  • I chose to interpret the references to butter and sugar as indicating that a short pastry was required. (Later editions suggest a biscuit-like texture.)2013, Heston Blumenthal, Historic Heston, →ISBN, page 122:
10

Abrupt, brief, pointed, curt.

  • He gave a short answer to the question.
  • “We are short to-night!” cries the woman, with a propitiatory laugh. “Short and snappish we are! […]”1870 April–September, Charles Dickens, The Mystery of Edwin Drood, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1870, →OCLC:
1 more example
  • The reason I was a tad short with Start, Leeper and Burnsome was my fear they, with their education, experience and degrees, would see what I had denied for all these years[…].2014, Charles E. Schwarz, Murder at the Table of Fools:
11

Limited in quantity; inadequate; insufficient; scanty.

  • a short supply of provisions
12

Insufficiently provided; inadequately supplied, especially with money; scantily furnished; lacking.

  • to be short of money
  • I'd lend you the cash but I'm a little short at present.
1 more example
  • The cashier came up short ten dollars on his morning shift.
13

Deficient; less; not coming up to a measure or standard.

  • an account which is short of the truth
  • […]the people are worn down with taxes, and hardly anything short of an invasion could rouse them again to war.1829, Walter Savage Landor, “The Emperor Alexander and Capo D'Istria”, in Imaginary Conversations, volume IV:
14

Colloquial Undiluted; neat.

  • “There ain’t no drain of nothing short handy, is there?” said the Chicken, generally. “This here sluicing night is hard lines to a man as lives on his condition.” Captain Cuttle proffered a glass of rum […]1846 October 1 – 1848 April 1, Charles Dickens, Dombey and Son, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1848, →OCLC:
  • Delance raised his beer and watched Hoadly throw down another swig of hard stuff. "Take it short if you want to make it over the mountain tonight."2003, Linda Chaikin, Desert Rose:
15

Obsolete Not distant in time; near at hand.

  • Marinell was sore offended / That his departure thence should be so short.1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book IV, Canto XII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 18:
  • He commanded those who were appointed to attend him to be ready by a short day.1702–1704, Edward [Hyde, 1st] Earl of Clarendon, (please specify |book=I to XVI), in The History of the Rebellion and Civil Wars in England, Begun in the Year 1641. […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed at the [Sheldonian] Theater:
1 more example
  • But, alas! he who escapes from death is not pardoned; he is only reprieved, and reprieved to a short day.1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume I, London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC:
16

Business, Finance Being in a financial investment position that is structured to be profitable if the price of the underlying security declines in the future.

  • short position
  • I'm short in General Motors because I think their sales are plunging.
17

Broadly Doubtful of, skeptical of.

18

Business, Finance Dated Of money, given in the fewest possible notes, i.e. those of the largest denomination.

  • He pulled a cheque-book from his pocket, and drew for two hundred thousand pounds. “I'll take it short,” he said […]1909, James Blyth, The member for Easterby, page 296:
Synonyms
low, scrimp, short, shortsome, stubbed, stubby, stumpy, vertically challenged
Antonyms
long, tall
Related terms
heightism, pipsqueak, short man syndrome, shortness, shorty
Hypernyms
small
Hyponyms
dumpy, squat, stocky, abridged, decurtate
Coordinate terms
narrow, shallow, slim

short

adv

Etymology From Middle English schort, short, from Old English sċeort, sċort (“short”), from Proto-West Germanic *skurt, from Proto-Germanic *skurtaz (“short”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-. Doublet of shirt, skirt, and curt. Cognates Cognate with Scots short, schort (“short”), French court, Dutch kort, German kurz, Old High German scurz (“short”) (whence Middle High German schurz), Old Norse skorta (“to lack”) (whence Danish skorte), Albanian shkurt (“short, brief”), Latin curtus (“shortened, incomplete”) and Proto-Slavic *kortъkъ. See more at shirt.

1

Abruptly, curtly, briefly.

  • They had to stop short to avoid hitting the dog in the street.
  • He cut me short repeatedly in the meeting.
1 more example
  • The boss got a message and cut the meeting short.
2

Unawares.

  • The recent developments at work caught them short.
  • We were caught short by the sudden hailstorm.
3

Without achieving a goal or requirement.

  • His speech fell short of what was expected.
4

Ball games, Cricket, Games, Hobbies, Lifestyle, Sports Relatively far from the batsman and hence bouncing higher than normal; opposite of full.

Of the manner of bounce of a cricket ball

5

Business, Finance With a negative ownership position.

  • We went short most finance companies in July.

short

noun

Etymology From Middle English schort, short, from Old English sċeort, sċort (“short”), from Proto-West Germanic *skurt, from Proto-Germanic *skurtaz (“short”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-. Doublet of shirt, skirt, and curt. Cognates Cognate with Scots short, schort (“short”), French court, Dutch kort, German kurz, Old High German scurz (“short”) (whence Middle High German schurz), Old Norse skorta (“to lack”) (whence Danish skorte), Albanian shkurt (“short, brief”), Latin curtus (“shortened, incomplete”) and Proto-Slavic *kortъkъ. See more at shirt.

13 senses
  1. 1A short circuit.
  2. 2A short film.
  3. 3A short-form vertical video.
  4. 4A vertical video of any length.
  5. 5A short version of a garment in a particular size.
  6. 6A shortstop.
  7. 7A short seller.
  8. 8A short sale or short position.
  9. 9A summary account.
  10. 10A short phone (such as a vowel) or syllable.
  11. 11An integer variable having a smaller range than normal…
  12. 12An automobile.
  13. 13Ellipsis of short bond paper.
1

A short circuit.

  • The circuit breaker keeps tripping because there's a short in the wiring.
2

A short film.

  • Preceded by a Simpsons short shot in 3-D—perhaps the only thing more superfluous than a fourth Ice Age movie—Ice Age: Continental Drift finds a retinue of vaguely contemporaneous animals coping with life in the post-Pangaea age.2012 July 12, Sam Adams, AV Club, Ice Age: Continental Drift:
3

Internet A short-form vertical video.

4

Internet, Broadly A vertical video of any length.

  • long short
5

A short version of a garment in a particular size.

  • 38 short suits fit me right off the rack.
  • Do you have that size in a short?
6

Ball games, Baseball, Games, Hobbies, Lifestyle, Sports A shortstop.

  • Jones smashes a grounder between third and short.
7

Business, Finance A short seller.

  • The market decline was terrible, but the shorts were buying champagne.
8

Business, Finance A short sale or short position.

  • He closed out his short at a modest loss after three months.
  • The company’s stock is one of the largest shorts in the market, meaning many investors are betting it could fall even farther.2025 August 25, Julie Creswell, “Krispy Kreme Bets on Big-Box Stores to Stay Fresh”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC:
9

A summary account.

  • For the short and the long is, our play is preferred.c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “A Midsommer Nights Dreame”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene ii]:
10

Human sciences, Linguistics, Phonetics, Phonology, Sciences A short phone (such as a vowel) or syllable.

  • If we compare the nearest conventional shorts and longs in English, as in ‘bit’ and ‘beat’, ‘not’ and ‘naught’, we find that the short vowels are generally wide (i, ɔ), the long narrow (i, ɔ), besides being generally diphthongic as well.1877, Henry Sweet, A Handbook of Phonetics, page 18:
11

Computing, Engineering, Mathematics, Natural sciences, Physical sciences, Programming, Sciences An integer variable having a smaller range than normal integers; usually two bytes long.

12

US, Slang An automobile.

  • crack shorts
  • For example, one addict would crack shorts (break and enter cars) and usually obtain just enough stolen goods to buy stuff and get off just before getting sick.1975, Mary Sanches, Ben G. Blount, Sociocultural Dimensions of Language Use, page 47:
1 more example
  • […] list of all crimes reported by these 61 daily criminals during their years on the street is: theft (this includes shoplifting; "cracking shorts", burglary and other forms of stealing), dealing, forgery, gambling, confidence games (flim-flam, etc.) […]1982, United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Juvenile Justice, Career Criminal Life Sentence Act of 1981: Hearings, page 87:
13

Philippines, Abbreviation, Ellipsis Ellipsis of short bond paper.

short

verb

Etymology From Middle English schort, short, from Old English sċeort, sċort (“short”), from Proto-West Germanic *skurt, from Proto-Germanic *skurtaz (“short”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-. Doublet of shirt, skirt, and curt. Cognates Cognate with Scots short, schort (“short”), French court, Dutch kort, German kurz, Old High German scurz (“short”) (whence Middle High German schurz), Old Norse skorta (“to lack”) (whence Danish skorte), Albanian shkurt (“short, brief”), Latin curtus (“shortened, incomplete”) and Proto-Slavic *kortъkъ. See more at shirt.

1

To cause a short circuit in (something).

  • You should short the poles of the capacitor to discharge it before you work on it.
2

Of an electrical circuit To short circuit.

3

Informal To provide with an amount smaller than that agreed or labeled; to shortchange.

  • This is the third time I've caught them shorting us.
  • It's hard now. The NEA, state and city budgets are messed up and it's the small artists like us that are the ones getting shorted.1991 August 24, Maridee BonaDea, quoting Brian Freeman, “Pomo Afro Homos On The Road”, in Gay Community News, volume 19, number 6, page 9:
4

Business To sell something, especially securities, that one does not own at the moment for delivery at a later date in hopes of profiting from a decline in the price; to sell short.

5

Obsolete To shorten.

short

prep

Etymology From Middle English schort, short, from Old English sċeort, sċort (“short”), from Proto-West Germanic *skurt, from Proto-Germanic *skurtaz (“short”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-. Doublet of shirt, skirt, and curt. Cognates Cognate with Scots short, schort (“short”), French court, Dutch kort, German kurz, Old High German scurz (“short”) (whence Middle High German schurz), Old Norse skorta (“to lack”) (whence Danish skorte), Albanian shkurt (“short, brief”), Latin curtus (“shortened, incomplete”) and Proto-Slavic *kortъkъ. See more at shirt.

1

Deficient in.

  • We are short a few men on the second shift.
  • He's short common sense.
2

Business, Finance Having a negative position in.

  • I don’t want to be short the market going into the weekend.
Derived terms
372 termsa day late and a dollar short, a few clowns short of a circus, a few fries short of a Happy Meal, a few spanners short of a tool box, a fry short of a Happy Meal, antishort, a short drop and a sudden stop, at short notice, at short sight, bib short, boy-short, bring up short, castle short, caught short, cold short, cold-short, come short, come up short, cut short, down to the short strokes, draw the short straw, Elliot's short-tailed shrew, fall short, few cards short of a full deck, few sandwiches short of a picnic, for short, fry short of a Happy Meal, go short, gray short-tailed opossum, greater short-toed lark, have a short memory, have someone by the short and curlies, have someone by the short hairs, hold short, hot short, hot-short, in short, in short order, in short pants, in short supply, in short trousers, in the short run, in the short term, Korean-style short ribs, let one's short back and sides down, life is short, life is too short, life's too short, long and short stitch, long run for a short slide, long storey short, long story short, make short work of, make the road shorter, megashort, nasty, brutish, and short, nothing short of, odd-come-short, odd-cum-short, one brick short of a full load, one card short of a full deck, one fry short of a Happy Meal, one short, on short notice, overshort, pull short, pull short up, pull up short, red-short, ride the short bus, rule of the shorter term, run short, screenshort, sell oneself short, sell short, short 20th century, short a, short accounts make long friends, short-acting, shortage, shortalls, short and, short and curlies, short and sweet, short-answer, short arm, shortarse, short-arse, short-ass, shortass, short back and sides, short ballot, short-billed dowitcher, short-billed marsh wren, short bit, short black, shortblade, short block, shortboard, short bond, shortbow, short bowel syndrome, shortbread, short break, shortbreathed, short bus, shortcake, shortcast, short-chain, short change, short-change, shortchange, short ciliary nerve, short-circuit operator, short circuit operator, short circuit, short-circuit, shortclothes, short-coat, shortcode, short code, shortcoming, short commons, short con, short corner, short-corner, short cross, short cut, short-cut, shortcut, short-dated, short-distance, short division, short down, short dozen, short drink, short drop, short e, short-eared dog, short-eared fox, short-eared owl, short-eared zorro, shorten, short end, short end of the stick, short ess, short exact sequence, short eyes, short-faced bear, short-faced kangaroo, shortfall, short-fall, shortfalling, short fetched, shortfetched, short-fetched, shortfic, short filename, short file name, shortfin, short finals, short-finned eel, short for, short form, shortform, short fuse, shortgevity, shortgown, short-grain, short-grained, shortgrass, Short Green, short gross, shorthair, short-haired, shorthaired, short-haired bumblebee, short hairs, short hand, shorthand, short-hand, shorthanded, short-handed, short handed, short-handedly, short-handedness, short-haul, short haul, short head, short-head seahorse, Short Heath, Short Hills, shorthold, short hop, shorthorn, short-horned grasshopper, short hose, short hundred, short i, shortie, shortify, short illative, shortish, short king, shortleaf, short leash, short leg, short-legged, short-leggedness, short-lined chocolate, shortline, short line, short-list, short list, short-lived, short-livedness, shortliver, short loin, shortly, short man syndrome, short measure, short message service, short meter, short-neck'd, short-necked, shortness, shortnose, short-nosed unicornfish, short notice, short o, short of, short of a length, short of breath, short on looks, short oo, short-order, short order, short-order chef, short-order cook, short out, short-paid, short pants, short pass, short passive, short pastry, short-pay, short pay, short payment, short-period, short-period comet, short period comet, short plate, shortplay, short pocosin, short posterior ciliary artery, short pull, short QT syndrome, short queen, shortrange, short-range, short reckonings make long friends, short rib, short ribs, short run, short-run, short s, short scale, shortsea, short sea, short-sea shipping, short sell, short-sell, short sharp shock, shortsheet, short-sheet, short sheet, short-ship, short short, short shorts, short short story, short-short story, short shrift, short sight, short-sighted, short-sightedly, short-sightedness, short six, short-sleeper, short sleeper, short-sleeved, short snorter, shortsome, short spar, short-spoken, short squeeze, short stack, short stacked, short-staff, short-staffed, short-staffing, short stop, short-stop, short story, short straddle, short strokes, short stuff, short subject, short sweetening, short sword, shortsword, short-tack, short tag, shorttail, short-tailed blue, short-tailed chinchilla, short-tailed fox, short-tailed hawk, short-tailed parrot, short-tailed weasel, short tandem repeat, short temper, short-tempered, short-term, short term, short-termer, short-termism, short-termist, short-term memory, short-termness, short-time, short time, short-timer, short title, short-toed eagle, short-toed snake eagle, short-toed treecreeper, short ton, short-track, short track, short-track speed skating, short twentieth century, short u, short view, short vowel, shortwall, shortward, shortwards, short-wave, short wave, shortwave, short weight, short whist, short-winded, shortwing, short-witted, shortwool, shorty, step short, stop short, supershort, take a long walk off a short pier, take a long walk on a short pier, taken short, take someone up short, the long and short, the long and the short, thick as two short planks, three fries short of a Happy Meal, three stops short of Dagenham, time is short, ultrashort, unshort
Related terms
shorts

Entry derived from the Wiktionary, under licence CC BY-SA 4.0 — list of authors.

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