Etymology
From Middle English scheld, shelde, from Old English scield (“shield”), from Proto-West Germanic *skeldu, from Proto-Germanic *skelduz (“shield”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“cut, split”). Cognates Cognate with West Frisian skyld (“shield”), Bavarian Schuid (“shield”), Dutch schild (“shield”), German and Low German Schild (“shield”), Luxembourgish Schëld (“shield”), Yiddish שילד (shild, “shield”), Danish, Norwegian Bokmål, and Norwegian Nynorsk skjold (“shield”), Elfdalian stjöld (“shield”), Faroese skjøldur (“shield”), Gutnish skiåld (“shield”), Icelandic skjöldur (“shield”), Swedish sköld (“shield”), Gothic 𐍃𐌺𐌹𐌻𐌳𐌿𐍃 (skildus, “shield”). Compare Breton skoed (“shield”), Irish sciath (“shield”), Scottish Gaelic sgiath (“shield”), Latin scūtum (“shield”), Latgalian škīda (“shield”), Lithuanian skydas (“shield”), Belarusian шчыт (ščyt, “shield”), Bulgarian, Russian, and Ukrainian щит (ščyt, “shield”), Czech and Slovak štít (“shield”), Macedonian штит (štit, “shield”), Polish szczyt (“shield”), Serbo-Croatian штит, štit, ščit (“shield”), Slovene ščit (“shield”), from Proto-Indo-European *skey- (“to dissect, split”).
19Business, Computer hardware, Computing, Electrical engineering, Electricity, Electromagnetism, Electronics, Energy, Engineering, Mathematics, Natural sciences, Physical sciences, Physics, Sciences A circuit board that can connect to an Arduino microcontroller and extend its capabilities.
- Arduino does many interesting things on its own, but it can't do everything. Fortunately, thanks to the open design of Arduino, building add-on boards to extend what Arduino can do is pretty easy. ¶ These boards are called "shields," because they usually fit over the top of Arduino like a protecting shield. ¶ Shields contain their own circuitry, components, and sometimes processing chips that can augment Arduino's capabilities. There are shields that enable Arduino to read GPS signals, drive robot motors, take pictures, connect to Bluetooth devices, control electroluminescent wire...as of this writing, there are more than 300 shields.2012, Emily Gertz, Patrick Di Justo, “New Component: Ethernet Shield”, in Environmental Monitoring With Arduino, Sebastopol, C.A.: O'Reilly Media, Inc., →ISBN, page 45: