This page gathers the 3,219 dictionary entries belonging to the domain “Geography”, as labelled by Wiktionary. Each word leads to its full entry: definitions, etymology, pronunciation, examples. Page 18 of 32: from “mantienneite” to “miarolitic”.
- mantienneite noun An orthorhombic-dipyramidal yellow brown mineral containing aluminum, hydrogen, magnesium, oxygen, phosphorus, potassium, and titanium.
- mantle noun The layer between Earth's core and crust.
- mantle plume noun An upwelling of abnormally hot molten material from the Earth's mantle which spreads sideways when it reaches the lithosphere.
- map projection noun Any systematic method of transforming the spherical representation of parallels, meridians and geographic features of the Earth's surface…
- marble noun A metamorphic rock of crystalline limestone.
- marcasite noun The orthorhombic form of iron disulfide, FeS₂, occurring as yellow crystals.
- marecottite noun A triclinic-pinacoidal yellow orange mineral containing hydrogen, magnesium, manganese, oxygen, sulfur, and uranium.
- margarite noun A calcium-rich member of the mica group of phyllosilicates, forming white to pinkish or yellowish-gray masses or thin laminae.
- marginal adj Sharing a border; geographically adjacent.
- maricopaite noun An orthorhombic-dipyramidal white mineral containing aluminum, calcium, hydrogen, lead, oxygen, and silicon.
- marine terrace noun A flat landform formed primarily by marine erosion and sediment deposition, usually found near coastlines.
- marinellite noun A colorless trigonal sulfate chloride mineral with the chemical formula (Na,K)₄₂Ca₆(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)₆(SO₄)₈Cl₂ · 3H₂O.
- marinite noun A gray to black oil shale of marine origin in which the chiefmain organic components are lamalginite and bituminite derived from marine…
- mariposite noun A chromium-rich variety of mica, giving a green color to the generally white dolomitic marble in which it is commonly found.
- mascagnite noun An orthorhombic-dipyramidal mineral containing hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur; a native sulfate of ammonia, found in volcanic…
- maskelynite noun A glassy phase found in some meteorites and impact craters, typically similar in composition to plagioclase feldspar.
- mass extinction noun A sharp decrease in the total number of species in a relatively short period of time; specifically, a loss of ∼75% of all species on the…
- mass extinction event noun One of five historical events in which the Earth experienced a loss of ∼75% of all species over a geological interval of less than 3…
- massive noun A homogeneous mass of rock, not layered and without an obvious crystal structure.
- masutomilite noun A monoclinic-prismatic purple pink mineral containing aluminum, fluorine, hydrogen, lithium, manganese, oxygen, potassium, and silicon.
- mathewrogersite noun A trigonal mineral containing aluminum, copper, germanium, hydrogen, iron, lead, oxygen, and silicon.
- mathiasite noun A trigonal-rhombohedral black mineral containing calcium, chromium, iron, magnesium, oxygen, potassium, strontium, and titanium.
- matrix noun A geological matrix.
- mazuku noun A pocket of carbon-dioxide-rich air that accumulates near the ground and can be lethal to humans and animals.
- mcgillite noun A monoclinic-prismatic mineral containing chlorine, hydrogen, iron, magnesium, manganese, oxygen, and silicon.
- mcgovernite noun A trigonal-hexagonal scalenohedral mineral containing arsenic, hydrogen, magnesium, manganese, oxygen, silicon, and zinc.
- meager adj Dry and harsh to the touch (e.g., as chalk).
- meagre adj Dry and harsh to the touch (e.g., as chalk).
- mean sea level noun The mean altitude of the ocean surface, averaged over all high and low tides at a particular location.
- meander noun One of a series of regular sinuous curves, bends, loops, turns, or windings in the channel of a river, stream, or other watercourse
- measure noun A bed or stratum.
- mechanical lithosphere noun a mechanical analogue of the seismic lithosphere, used to simulate the flexural deformations of the Earth
- medaite noun A monoclinic-prismatic brownish red mineral containing arsenic, calcium, hydrogen, manganese, oxygen, silicon, and vanadium.
- mediglacial adj Between two glaciers.
- Mediterranean outflow noun The current of dense, warm, and salty water that flows from the Mediterranean Sea into the Atlantic Ocean through the Strait of Gibraltar.
- mediterranean sea noun A mostly enclosed sea that has limited exchange of deep water with outer oceans, and where the water circulation is dominated by salinity…
- megaconstellation noun A very large asterism
- megacryst noun Any crystalline grain in an igneous or metamorphic rock that is much larger than those of the surrounding matrix
- megafan noun A very large mass of clastic sediment deposited by a laterally mobile river system that fans out from the outlet from a large mountainous…
- megaquake noun A megathrust earthquake.
- megaquartz noun A type of large quartz present as individual crystals and clusters of crystals, as well as overgrowths on detrital quartz grains, found in…
- megathrust noun A sudden large-scale slip along a fault between a subducting and an overriding plate, resulting in a major earthquake.
- megatsunami noun An extremely large tsunami-like wave caused by an avalanche or landslide displacing large amounts of water very quickly.
- meixnerite noun A trigonal-hexagonal scalenohedral colorless mineral containing aluminum, hydrogen, magnesium, and oxygen.
- melanchyme noun A bituminous substance found in masses in the brown coal of Zweifelsruth, Bohemia, former Czechoslovakia.
- melange noun A large-scale breccia formed in the accretionary wedge over a subductional environment.
- melanophlogite noun A tetragonal-ditetragonal dipyramidal mineral containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, silicon, and sulfur.
- melatope noun An eye shape of concentric coloured optical fringes seen on a conoscopic interference pattern surrounding an optical axis. For biaxial…
- melinite noun A yellow clay mineral from Bavaria.
- meliphanite noun A tetragonal-disphenoidal mineral containing aluminum, beryllium, calcium, fluorine, hydrogen, oxygen, silicon, and sodium.
- melt noun Rock showing evidence of having been remelted after it originally solidified.
- mendozavilite noun A monoclinic mineral containing calcium, hydrogen, iron, magnesium, molybdenum, oxygen, phosphorus, sodium, and strontium.
- menezesite noun A reddish-brown isometric mineral containing barium, hydrogen, magnesium, niobium, oxygen and zirconium
- mercurian adj Containing divalent mercury.
- mere verb To decide upon the position of a boundary; to position it on a map.
- mereing noun An administrative or property boundary on a map.
- mereiterite noun A monoclinic-prismatic pale yellow mineral containing hydrogen, iron, oxygen, potassium, and sulfur.
- merenskyite noun A trigonal-ditrigonal pyramidal white mineral containing bismuth, palladium, platinum, and tellurium.
- meridian noun In full terrestrial meridian: a great circle on the Earth's surface, passing through the geographic poles (the terrestrial North Pole and…
- meridional adj along a north–south direction, or relative to a meridian; or relating to meridians or a meridian
- merlinoite noun An orthorhombic-dipyramidal mineral containing aluminum, barium, calcium, hydrogen, iron, oxygen, potassium, silicon, and sodium.
- merrihueite noun A hexagonal-dihexagonal dipyramidal greenish blue mineral containing iron, magnesium, oxygen, potassium, silicon, and sodium.
- Mesoarchean adj Of a geologic era within the Archaean eon from about 3200 to 2800 million years ago; stromatolites have existed from this time.
- mesocratic adj Neither leucocratic nor melanocratic; having a more or less even mixture of light and dark constituents.
- mesocrystalline adj Having crystals intermediate in size between microcrystalline and macrocrystalline ones
- mesopelagic adj Describing the pelagic zone of the ocean between the photic epipelagic and the aphotic bathypelagic zones, characterized by very minimal…
- Mesoproterozoic adj Of a geologic era within the Proterozoic eon; comprises the Calymmian, Ectasian and Stennian periods from about 1600 to 900 million years…
- mesosphere noun The lower mantle, a layer inside the Earth.
- mesostate noun A description of an aspect of a geographical system at a level between complete detail (the microstate) and a simple summary statistic or…
- mesostatic adj Of or pertaining to mesostasis
- mesotrophic adj providing intermediate (right) level of nutrients and minerals, nor eutrophic (too high), nor oligotrophic (too low level).
- mesotype noun Any of various minerals, including natrolite (soda mesotype), scolecite (lime mesotype), and mesolite (lime-soda mesotype)
- Mesozoic adj Of a geologic era within the Phanerozoic eon that comprises the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous periods from about 230 to 65 million…
- messelite noun A triclinic-pinacoidal mineral containing calcium, hydrogen, iron, manganese, oxygen, and phosphorus.
- messenger noun A weight dropped down a line to close a Nansen bottle.
- meta- prefix Modified by metamorphosis; analogies and derivatives of metamorphism.
- metacalciouranoite noun An orthorhombic orange mineral containing barium, calcium, hydrogen, lead, oxygen, sodium, and uranium.
- metachronous adj Having parts formed at different times.
- metacinnabar noun A isometric-hextetrahedral form of the mineral, cinnabar, containing mercury and sulfur and ranging from black to grayish white.
- metacraton noun A craton that has been remobilized during an orogenic event but is still recognizable dominantly through its rheological, geochronological…
- metadelrioite noun A triclinic-pinacoidal pale yellow green mineral containing calcium, hydrogen, oxygen, strontium, and vanadium.
- metaheinrichite noun A monoclinic-sphenoidal yellowish green mineral containing arsenic, barium, hydrogen, oxygen, and uranium.
- metakahlerite noun A tetragonal-ditetragonal dipyramidal sulfur yellow mineral containing arsenic, hydrogen, iron, oxygen, and uranium.
- metakirchheimerite noun A tetragonal-ditetragonal dipyramidal light pink mineral containing arsenic, cobalt, hydrogen, oxygen, and uranium.
- metallogenic adj Occurring in an ore as a native metal rather than as a compound such as silicate, carbonate etc.
- metamict adj Having a disrupted crystal structure due to radiation damage; metamictic
- metamorphic noun A rock that has been changed from its original form by subjection to heat and/or pressure.
- metamorphic rock noun one of the major groups of rock that makes up the crust of the Earth; consists of pre-existing rock mass in which new minerals or textures…
- metamorphism noun The process by which rocks are changed into other forms by the application of heat and/or pressure.
- metamorphist adj Believing in the metamorphic formation of nonsedimentary rocks and minerals.
- metaschoderite noun A monoclinic-prismatic yellow orange mineral containing aluminum, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and vanadium.
- metasomatic adj Of or pertaining to metasomatism.
- metasomatism noun The process by which the bulk chemical composition of a rock is changed by the introduction of components from an external source…
- metasomatize verb To change the bulk chemical composition of a rock is by the introduction of components from an external source, especially by a…
- metavanmeersscheite noun An orthorhombic-pyramidal canary yellow mineral containing hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and uranium.
- metavolcanic adj Being or relating to a type of metamorphic rock originally produced by a volcano, either as lava or tephra, then buried and subjected to…
- metavoltine noun A trigonal-rhombohedral mineral containing hydrogen, iron, oxygen, potassium, sodium, sulfur, and zinc.
- meteoric adj Originating in the atmosphere.
- metes and bounds noun A description of a piece of land consisting of both measurements (metes) of the land and owners of land which is adjacent to (bounds) it.
- miarolitic adj Being or pertaining to a crystal-lined irregular cavity or vug most commonly found in granitic pegmatites.