This page gathers the 3,219 dictionary entries belonging to the domain “Geography”, as labelled by Wiktionary. Each word leads to its full entry: definitions, etymology, pronunciation, examples. Page 7 of 32: from “Cologne earth” to “dalyite”.
- Cologne earth noun An earth of a deep brown colour, containing more vegetable than mineral matter; an earthy variety of lignite, or brown coal.
- cololite noun A petrified worm cast.
- colon noun A clause or group of clauses written as a line, or taken as a standard of measure in ancient manuscripts or texts.
- Colorado topaz noun A form of tawny-colored topaz found in Colorado.
- colquiriite noun A trigonal-hexagonal scalenohedral white mineral containing aluminum, calcium, fluorine, and lithium.
- columbate noun columbite
- columbite noun A black mineral that is a mixed iron and manganese niobate and tantalate, and is the main ore of niobium and tantalum.
- colusite noun An isometric-hextetrahedral bronze mineral containing antimony, arsenic, copper, germanium, sulfur, tin, and vanadium.
- competence noun The degree to which a rock is resistant to deformation or flow.
- competent adj Resistant to deformation or flow.
- complement noun A phonetic complement is a graphic element that modifies another, such as (in Linear B script) a small syllabogram that is attached to a…
- conchiferous adj Containing shells
- conchoid noun A conchoidal fracture in rock.
- conchoidal adj Irregular, with planar, concentric curves, similar to those on a mussel shell.
- concordant adj Intruding parallel to the bedding.
- concordia noun A set of plotted points, appearing as a curve on a concordia diagram or isochron diagram, representing sample data from rock of the same…
- concordia diagram noun Any of several types of diagram, used in connection with uranium–lead dating, in which each axis encodes differently sourced information…
- concretion noun A rounded mass of a mineral, sometimes found in sedimentary rock or on the ocean floor.
- concussion noun A violent collision or shock.
- cone-in-cone adj Consisting of a series of parallel cones, each made up of many concentric cones closely packed together or with each other. Cone-in-cone…
- conflict-free adj Of a mineral or precious gem, not being sold to finance fighting in areas of conflict.
- conformal adj That preserves relative angles over small scales, at all but a limited number of distinct points.
- conglomerate adj Composed of fragments of rock, pebbles, or stones cemented together.
- congolite noun A trigonal-ditrigonal pyramidal light red mineral containing boron, chlorine, iron, magnesium, manganese, and oxygen.
- conical adj Describing a map projection in which meridians are mapped to equally spaced lines radiating out from the apex and parallels of latitude are…
- connate adj Trapped within a rock at the time of its formation (especially of water or petroleum).
- connellite noun A rare hexagonal hydrous copper chlorosulfate mineral with the chemical formula Cu₁₉(SO₄)(OH)₃₂Cl₄ · 3H₂O.
- consequent adj Of a stream, having a course determined by the slope it formed on.
- continent noun One of the main contiguous landmasses, separated by water or geological features, on the surface of a planet, sometimes including its…
- continental drip noun The phenomenon whereby southward-pointing landforms are more numerous and prominent than northward-pointing landforms.
- continental plate noun A large, thick, and relatively low-density slab of the Earth's solid lithosphere that carries continents and acts as part of the broken…
- contraposed adj Having a coastal region of hard rocks that is separated from the sea by a belt of overlapping softer deposits.
- contrude verb to cause a downward or inward curve line of the strata
- coombsite noun A trigonal brown mineral containing aluminum, hydrogen, iron, magnesium, manganese, oxygen, potassium, and silicon.
- cooperite noun A grey mineral consisting mostly of platinum sulfide (PtS).
- coordinate noun A number representing the position of a point along a line, arc, or similar one-dimensional figure.
- copiapite noun A basic ferric sulfate mineral found in oxidized iron sulfide deposits, with the chemical formula Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₄(SO₄)₆(OH)₂·20H₂O.
- coquina noun A soft form of limestone made of fragments of shells, sometimes used as a building or road paving material.
- corer noun A device used to take core samples from the earth's crust for analysis.
- corkite noun A trigonal-ditrigonal pyramidal mineral containing hydrogen, iron, lead, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur.
- cornice noun An overhanging edge of snow on a ridge or the crest of a mountain and along the sides of gullies.
- corona noun An oval-shaped astrogeological feature, present on both the planet Venus and Uranus's moon Miranda, probably formed by upwellings of warm…
- coronite noun Tiny grains of titanium nitride evenly dispersed in a heat treatable steel matrix, resulting in a manufactured material that combines the…
- corrade verb To erode through physical or mechanical (rather than chemical) means, as the bed of a stream.
- corrasion noun Corrading (erosion by abrasion) caused by such as: wind-blown or water-borne sand, stream-borne or glacier-borne stones, or collisions…
- corrensite noun An orthorhombic mineral containing aluminum, calcium, hydrogen, iron, magnesium, oxygen, potassium, silicon, and sodium.
- corundum noun An extremely hard mineral, a form of aluminum oxide with the chemical formula Al₂O₃, that occurs in the form of the gemstones sapphire and…
- corvusite noun A monoclinic-prismatic mineral containing calcium, hydrogen, oxygen, potassium, sodium, and vanadium.
- cosmoline noun A substance obtained from the residues of the distillation of petroleum, essentially the same as vaseline, but of somewhat stiffer…
- coterminous adj Having matching boundaries; or, adjoining and sharing a boundary.
- coulee noun A lava flow (whether molten or solidified).
- country rock noun The rock which is native to a certain area.
- coutinhoite noun An orthorhombic-dipyramidal yellow mineral containing barium, calcium, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, potassium, silicon, thorium, and…
- crack noun An expanding circle of white water surrounding the site of a large explosion at shallow depth, marking the progress of the shock wave…
- cracking noun The thermal decomposition of a substance, especially that of crude petroleum in order to produce petrol / gasoline.
- crag noun A partially compacted bed of gravel mixed with shells, of the Pliocene to Pleistocene epochs.
- crandallite noun A trigonal-hexagonal scalenohedral mineral containing aluminum, calcium, hydrogen, oxygen, and phosphorus.
- crater noun The basin-like opening or mouth of a volcano, through which the chief eruption comes; similarly, the mouth of a geyser, about which a cone…
- cratonic sequence noun A very large-scale lithostratigraphic sequence in the rock record that represents a complete cycle of marine transgression and regression…
- creaseyite noun An orthorhombic-dipyramidal mineral containing aluminum, copper, hydrogen, iron, lead, oxygen, and silicon.
- creedite noun A monoclinic-prismatic mineral containing aluminum, calcium, fluorine, hydrogen, oxygen, and sulfur.
- creep noun The imperceptible downslope movement of surface rock.
- crichtonite noun A mixed oxide mineral containing several different lanthanides as well as titanium, iron and manganese.
- cristobalite noun A mineral of volcanic rocks that solidified at a high temperature. Cristobalite is chemically identical to quartz, with the chemical…
- critical taper noun An equilibrial angle made by the far end of a body of wedge-shaped material being pushed by the near end.
- crocidolite noun A fibrous, blue-green mineral that is a variety of riebeckite and is one of the six types of asbestos.
- crop out verb To appear at the surface of the ground; to outcrop.
- cross noun An instrument for laying of offsets perpendicular to the main course.
- cross-stone noun A harmotome.
- crust noun The outermost layer of the lithosphere of the Earth.
- cryoconite noun Dark silt accumulating mainly from airborne volcanic sediment or soot from artificial pollution, or detritus in water of ablation from ice…
- cryomagma noun Collectively, substances such as water, ammonia or methane that are found within some planets and are expelled by cryovolcanoes.
- cryostatic adj of or pertaining to the pressure exerted on soil or rocks by the freezing of water
- cryoturbation noun Any of several forms of disturbances within soils and subsoils as a result of freeze–thaw processes in periglacial conditions.
- cryovolcanism noun The activity, and associated phenomena, of a cryovolcano – a volcano that ejects volatile materials rather than magma.
- cryptocrystalline adj Whose crystalline nature only becomes apparent at high levels of magnification.
- cryptorheic adj Draining through invisible, subterranean outflows.
- crystalloclast noun A clast that consists primarily of crystalized mineral.
- cualstibite noun A trigonal-rhombohedral blue green mineral containing aluminum, antimony, copper, hydrogen, and oxygen.
- cuirasse noun The armour-like crust that forms upon the exposure of a lateritic soil profile.
- culmiferous adj Containing, or abounding in, culm or glance coal.
- culture noun The details on a map that do not represent natural features of the area delineated, such as names and the symbols for towns, roads…
- cumengite noun A tetragonal-ditetragonal dipyramidal indigo blue mineral containing chlorine, copper, hydrogen, lead, and oxygen.
- cumulate noun An igneous rock formed by the accumulation of crystals from a magma by either settling or floating.
- cupola noun An upward-projecting mass of plutonic rock extending from a larger batholith.
- cuprobismutite noun A black mineral, with a metallic lustre, found in quartz deposits; it is a mixed sulfide of copper and bismuth.
- cupromakovickyite noun A monoclinic-prismatic gray mineral containing bismuth, copper, lead, selenium, silver, sulfur, and tellurium.
- curetonite noun A monoclinic-prismatic mineral containing aluminum, barium, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and titanium.
- curienite noun An orthorhombic-dipyramidal canary yellow mineral containing hydrogen, lead, oxygen, uranium, and vanadium.
- cut noun The range of temperatures used to distill a particular mixture of hydrocarbons from crude oil.
- cutline noun A linear cleared area through undeveloped land.
- cyanochroite noun A monoclinic-prismatic green blue mineral containing copper, hydrogen, oxygen, potassium, and sulfur.
- cyanophyllite noun An orthorhombic-dipyramidal greenish blue mineral containing aluminum, antimony, copper, hydrogen, and oxygen. A polytype of cualstibite…
- cyclite noun A widely spread geologic body formed as a result of regular alternation of two processes: pedogenesis and morpholithogenesis (soil and…
- cylindrical adj Describing a map projection in which meridians are mapped onto vertical lines and parallels of latitude onto horizontal lines.
- cylindrite noun A sulfosalt mineral, containing tin, lead, antimony and iron, whose triclinic pinacoidal crystals often occur as tubes or cylinders.
- cymogene noun A highly volatile liquid, condensed by cold and pressure from the first products of the distillation of petroleum; used for producing low…
- dahllite noun A form of calcium phosphate that has a structure similar to that of the mineral part of bones and teeth
- dalradian noun A series of metamorphic rocks that are difficult to assign a position in the local stratigraphical sequence
- dalyite noun A triclinic-pinacoidal colorless mineral containing aluminum, iron, magnesium, oxygen, potassium, silicon, sodium, titanium, and zirconium.