This page gathers the 10,257 dictionary entries belonging to the domain “Mathematics”, as labelled by Wiktionary. Each word leads to its full entry: definitions, etymology, pronunciation, examples. Page 61 of 103: from “nonsqueezing” to “obtuse”.
- nonsqueezing adj Being or relating to the theorem in symplectic geometry stating that one cannot embed a sphere into a cylinder via a symplectic map unless…
- nonstandard analysis noun Analysis founded upon the hyperreal number system, i.e., which formally defines and uses infinitesimals, especially differentials.
- nonstandard method noun A method that is beyond the range of standard or traditional approaches, often involving introducing new concepts like infinitesimals or…
- nonstationary noun A data point whose statistical properties (mean, variance, covariance) are not constant over time.
- nonstiff adj Not stiff.
- nonsymmetry noun The property of a binary relation that is not symmetric; that is, there exist x and y such that Rxy holds but Ryx does not hold.
- nontemporal adj Without temporal locality, describing data not expected to be accessed again in the near future
- nontransitivity noun The property of a binary relation that is not transitive; that is, there exist x, y, and z such that Rxy and Ryz hold but Rxz does not hold.
- nontrivial adj Not obvious or easy to prove; not self-evident.
- nontrivial solution noun Any other answers apart from ⃑x=⃑0 to the linear system A⃑x=⃑0, signifying linear dependence of the linear system.
- nonuniversal noun That which is not universal.
- nonvanishing adj Of an expression, especially a function, being nonzero at a value, everywhere on a specified set, or on the entire domain.
- nonwindowed adj Not windowed: not presented in a graphical window.
- nonzero adj Of a quantity, not equal to zero.
- nop noun A no-op; a CPU instruction that does nothing.
- NOP sled noun A series of identical values in memory that instruct the CPU to take no action and proceed to the next instruction, used in shellcode etc.…
- norm verb To endow (a vector space, etc.) with a norm.
- normal noun A line or vector that is perpendicular to another line, surface, or plane.
- normal basis noun For a given Galois field 𝔽_(qᵐ) and a suitable element β, a basis that has the form {β, β^q, β^(q2), ... , β^(qm-1)}.
- normal distribution noun Any of a family of continuous probability distributions such that the probability density function is the Gaussian function
- normal extension noun A finite, algebraic extension of some field such that if it contains any root of any irreducible polynomial over that base field then it…
- normal form noun Any of various forms of a relational database providing criteria for determining a table's degree of vulnerability to logical…
- normal form game noun Formally, a structure (P, mathbf S, mathbf F) where P = {1,2, ...,m} is a set of players, mathbf S=(S_1,S_2,…,S_m) is an m-tuple of pure…
- normal space noun A regular space with the additional property that for every disjoint pair of closed sets in that space, there is a disjoint pair of open…
- normal subgroup noun A subgroup H of a group G that is invariant under conjugation; that is, for all elements h of H and for all elements g in G, the element…
- normalcy noun The state of being geometrically normal, at a right angle.
- normality noun A measure of how well an observed distribution approximates a normal distribution.
- normalization noun In relational database design, a process that breaks down data into record groups for efficient processing, by eliminating redundancy.
- normalize verb To reduce the variations by excluding irrelevant aspects.
- normalizer noun The subset of elements of some group which leave some given subset invariant when conjugating it.
- normally adv In the manner of a variable with a Gaussian distribution.
- normaloid adj Of a bounded linear operator, having a norm equal to its spectral radius.
- normed adj Of a mathematical structure, endowed with a norm.
- northbridge noun A microchip connected directly to the CPU (unlike the southbridge) and thus responsible for tasks that require the highest performance.
- not noun A unary operation on logical values that changes true to false, and false to true.
- notebook noun A kind of user interface in literate programming, allowing calculations to be interspersed with human-readable comments, diagrams, etc.
- notebook computer noun A class of laptop computer that is around the size of a paper notebook with A4 or letter-sized pages.
- nothing-up-my-sleeve number noun A number which, by its construction, is above suspicion of having hidden properties; used in creating cryptographic functions such as…
- notification noun A message, alert, or signal displayed by a system or application to inform the user of an event, update, new message, etc.
- noun noun An object within a user interface to which a certain action or transformation (i.e., verb) is applied.
- nowcast verb To estimate what is currently happening based on knowledge of how data is biased.
- nowcasting noun The use of mathematical models of a current situation that include adjustments to imperfect data.
- NP-complete adj That is both NP (solvable in polynomial time by a non-deterministic Turing machine) and NP-hard (such that any (other) NP problem can be…
- NP-easy adj Solvable in polynomial time by a deterministic Turing machine with an oracle for some decision problem in NP.
- NP-hard adj A problem H is NP-hard if and only if there is an NP-complete problem L that is polynomial time Turing-reducible to H.
- NPC noun Initialism of non-printing character.
- nroff verb To format (text) using the nroff program, which produces output suitable for simple fixed-width printers and terminal windows.
- nth adj Occurring at position n in a sequence.
- NTIME noun In computational complexity theory, the complexity class that is the set of decision problems that can be solved by a nondeterministic…
- nub noun A pointing stick.
- nugatory adj Removable from a computer program with safety, but harmless if retained.
- nugget noun A partial description gleaned from data mining.
- nuisance parameter noun A parameter of the distribution of a population that is not directly relevant to solving the significance test or estimate problem under…
- null noun The null character; the ASCII or Unicode character (␀), represented by a zero value, which indicates no character and is sometimes used as…
- null hypothesis noun A hypothesis set up to be nullified or refuted in order to support an alternative hypothesis. When used, the null hypothesis is presumed…
- null modem noun A means of directly connecting two pieces of equipment (computer, printer, etc.) using a serial cable.
- null object noun An object that is both an initial and terminal object.
- null set noun A negligible set; set of zero measure.
- null-terminated adj Stored in memory followed by a null character, so that its length can be detected without having to be explicitly stored.
- nullable noun A variable, etc. that is allowed to have a null value.
- nullary adj Taking no entries; having trivial domain; having the arity of zero.
- nullified adj Whose value has been set to null
- nullipotent adj Describing an action which has no side effect. Queries are typically nullipotent: they return useful data, but do not change the data…
- nullity noun The dimension of the kernel of a linear transformation; the dimension of the nullspace of a matrix.
- Nullstellensatz noun A theorem that establishes a fundamental relationship between geometry and algebra by relating algebraic sets to ideals in polynomial rings…
- Num Lock noun A key on a standard extended keyboard which, when pressed, toggles the keys of the numeric keypad between cursor control functions and…
- number noun An element of one of several sets: natural numbers, integers, rational numbers, real numbers, complex numbers, and sometimes extensions…
- number cruncher noun A program, algorithm, or hardware with a focus on numerical calculation.
- number line noun A line that graphically represents the real numbers as a series of points whose distance from an origin is proportional to their value
- number-theoretic function noun a real or complex valued function of n defined on the set of natural numbers that expresses some arithmetical property of n.
- numberness noun Cardinality.
- numerable adj In one to one correspondence with the set of natural integers.
- numeral system noun A writing system for expressing numbers; a mathematical notation for representing numbers of a given set, using digits or other symbols in…
- numeric noun Any number, proper or improper fraction, or incommensurable ratio.
- numeric complement noun The number obtained by changing the numeric sign of a number. This may or may not be the twos complement, depending on the way numbers are…
- numeric promotion noun The conversion of a numeric data type into one that can hold more information. For example, the conversion of a long into a double.
- numerical analysis noun The study of algorithms to solve mathematical problems concerning continuous sets of values (such as the real numbers, complex numbers or…
- numerical linear algebra noun The study of numerical analysis algorithms to solve mathematical problems in the field of linear algebra.
- nursing informatics noun Informatics as applied to nursing: the application of information science and information technology to nursing science and practice.
- ob symbol The set of objects of a category.
- obfuscate verb To alter code while preserving its behavior but concealing its structure and intent.
- obfuscation noun The alteration of computer code to preserve its behavior while concealing its structure and intent.
- obfuscator noun A software program that modifies another program to make it harder to decompile or reverse-engineer.
- object noun An instance of one of the two kinds of entities that form a category, the other kind being the arrows (also called morphisms).
- object code noun The output of a compiler or assembler; it is not necessarily executable directly without linking to other modules
- object graph noun A view of an object system at a particular point in time that details the relationships between class instances.
- object language noun target language; the language of the object code, the output of a compiler (not necessarily executable machine code)
- object pool pattern noun A creational design pattern that uses a set of initialised objects kept ready to use, rather than allocating and destroying them on demand.
- object request broker noun A piece of middleware in distributed software that enables program calls from one computer to another via a network.
- object-based language noun Any programming language that encapsulates the state and operations inside objects that may or may not support inheritance.
- object-based programming noun A programming paradigm that encapsulates states and operations inside "objects" to design applications and computer programs.
- object-oriented language noun Any programming language that encapsulates the state and operations inside objects that support inheritance.
- object-oriented programming noun A programming paradigm that uses hierarchies of objects, instantiated from templates called classes, to design applications and computer…
- oblatum noun An oblate spheroid; a figure described by the revolution of an ellipse about its minor axis.
- oblique noun An oblique line.
- oblique reflection noun In Euclidean geometry, an ordinary reflection not requiring that the reflection be performed using perpendiculars.
- oblivious transfer noun A transfer in which a sender sends some information to a receiver but does not know what is received.
- obround noun A plane shape consisting of two semicircles connected by parallel lines tangent to their endpoints.
- observability noun The ability to collect data about the execution of distributed programs, especially the interaction among its components.
- obtuse adj Larger than one, and smaller than two right angles, equivalently more than 90° and less than 180°.