meltdown
nounUK /ˈmɛltdaʊn/ · US /ˈmɛltˌdaʊn/
Etymology From melt (verb) + down (adverb), a deverbal from melt down (verb).
8 senses
- 1An act or process of melting.
- 2Severe uncontrolled overheating and melting of the fuel…
- 3A mass of melted material.
- 4Chiefly preceded by a descriptive word: uncontrolled…
- 5Synonym of crash (“a sudden large decline in the value…
- 6An emotional outburst; a fit, a tantrum.
- 7A response to sensory overload or stress, in which an…
- 8Synonym of nervous breakdown (“an attack of a…
An act or process of melting.
Severe uncontrolled overheating and melting of the fuel in the core of a nuclear reactor, with the potential for radiation to escape; (countable) an instance of this.
- Thus began by far the gravest crisis in the troubled, 32-year history of commercial atomic power. A catastrophe had occurred over the weekend at the Chernobyl plant, 80 miles north of Kiev, where a reactor meltdown and explosion caused untold death and suffering and raised the prospect of long-term health and environmental damage on a far greater scale than anything yet unleashed by peaceful nuclear use.1986 May 12, John Greenwald, “Deadly Meltdown”, in Time, New York, N.Y.: Time Inc., →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 21 May 2025:
Rare A mass of melted material.
Figuratively Chiefly preceded by a descriptive word: uncontrolled disorder which often has disastrous consequences; (countable) a situation involving this; a crisis.
- Channel 4 switchboards went into meltdown this week when viewers called to complain about a Brass Eye programme on child sex.2001, James Wickham, “Perv spoof bosses axe wrestling”, in Peter Hill, editor, Daily Star, London: Reach plc, →ISSN, →OCLC, column 1:
- Computer engineers were at a loss last night to explain why the Government had been hit by arguably the worst electronic meltdown in the history of Whitehall.2004 November 27, Barrie Clement, “Computer meltdown baffles the experts”, in The Independent, London: Independent News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 09 Dec 2004:
1 more example
- If you're like me, you've looked at a paper coffee cup or an empty tube of toothpaste and thought, "Is this recyclable?" before tossing it in the recycling bin, hoping someone, somewhere, would sort it out. People in the waste management industry call this habit "wishcycling." […] [W]ishcycling is playing a big role in the current global recycling meltdown. […] Our uncertainty leads to climbing costs and waning productivity at recycling facilities; […]2019 August 30, Jackie Flynn Mogensen, “One Very Bad Habit is Fueling the Global Recycling Meltdown”, in Mother Jones, San Francisco, Calif.: Foundation for National Progress, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 26 Feb 2021:
Business, Finance Figuratively Synonym of crash (“a sudden large decline in the value of money, stocks or other assets, etc., especially one that causes additional economic difficulties”).
› (Sudden) loss of control over one's…
Figuratively, Informal An emotional outburst; a fit, a tantrum.
Figuratively, Informal A response to sensory overload or stress, in which an autistic person is overwhelmed by intense, seemingly disproportionate emotions, behaving erratically and becoming unable to mask (“act more neurotypically”).
- I was diagnosed with Asperger's syndrome in my forties. […] Now if I am really anxious, I can take a moment to think about what is making me anxious and what to do about it; before I would just spiral into a meltdown really quickly, with no understanding of why.2016, Jeanette Purkis, Emma Goodall, Jane Nugent, quoting Laura, “Diagnosis”, in The Guide to Good Mental Health on the Autism Spectrum, London; Philadelphia, Pa.: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, →ISBN, page 26:
- As the brain starts becoming overwhelmed with stress chemicals, it has two primary ways of responding. […] [I]f the accumulation of stress chemicals, stimulation and/or demands are occurring too fast or are too intense to block out, then a meltdown is probable.2020, Bill Nason, “Shutdowns and Meltdowns”, in The Autism Discussion Page on Stress, Anxiety, Shutdowns and Meltdowns: Proactive Strategies for Minimizing Sensory, Social and Emotional Overload, London; Philadelphia, Pa.: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, →ISBN, page 171:
1 more example
- If you're experiencing challenges that are extremely stressful and may lead you to being overwhelmed, or set off a meltdown in the workplace, this may be very concerning to your work colleagues.2022, Barb Cook, Yenn Purkiss, “What is Advocacy and Why Do We Need It?”, in The Autism and Neurodiversity Self Advocacy Handbook: Developing the Skills to Determine Your Own Future, London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, →ISBN, page 33:
Human sciences, Psychology, Sciences Figuratively, Informal Synonym of nervous breakdown (“an attack of a psychological disorder such as anxiety or depression which is so severe that it prevents a person from continuing to function normally”); also (loosely), a situation where one is unable to function mentally due to panic, stress, etc.
- I had a major meltdown at work today. After being instructed one more time about additional work that I was to delegate to my direct reports, I snapped, but in a very polite manner. I excused myself from the boss' office and broke down completely in my cubicle.2006, Ercille Christmas, “Thursday, 7/11/02”, in Thoughts of a Proud American: An Ode to “Joe and Josephine Ordinary, Salt of the Earth Americans”, Bloomington, Ind.; Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire: AuthorHouse, →ISBN, page 285:
- After the huntsman raced across my windscreen, I had an arachnophobic meltdown on the side of the road.2025 January 27, Alexandra Carlton, “The kindness of strangers: I pulled over in hysterics – then a passing driver saved me from the spider”, in Katharine Viner, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 27 Jan 2025:
- Derived terms
- gypsy meltdown, market meltdown, melty, mutational meltdown, nuclear meltdown, techno-meltdown
- Related terms
- melt down, China syndrome