This page gathers the 1,273 dictionary entries belonging to the domain “Pharmacology”, as labelled by Wiktionary. Each word leads to its full entry: definitions, etymology, pronunciation, examples. Page 6 of 13: from “entacapone” to “goserelin”.
- entacapone noun A drug C₁₄H₁₅N₃O₅ that inhibits the breakdown of ʟ-dopa and is used in conjunction with ʟ-dopa and carbidopa in the treatment of…
- enviroxime noun An antiviral compound, 1-(isopropylsulfonyl)-2-amino-6-[α-(hydroxyimino)benzyl]-1H-benzimidazole, that inhibits the replication of…
- enzalutamide noun A synthetic, non-steroidal pure antiandrogen developed for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
- ephedrine noun A crystalline alkaloid drug C₁₀H₁₅NO obtained from a Chinese ephedra (Ephedra sinica) or synthesized that has the physiological action of…
- epratuzumab noun A humanized monoclonal antibody with potential applications in oncology and in the treatment of inflammatory autoimmune disorders such as…
- epristeride noun A selective, transition-state, non-competitive inhibitor of the type II isoform of the enzyme 5α-reductase.
- ergotamine noun An alkaloid, extracted from ergot, that causes constriction of blood vessels and has been used to treat migraine; it is related to lysergic…
- erlizumab noun A recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody developed to treat heart attack, stroke, and traumatic shock.
- erythromycin noun An antibiotic similar to penicillin, used for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections.
- escitalopram noun A drug that functions as an SSRI and is administered orally in the form of its oxalate C₂₀H₂₁FN₂O·C₂H₂O₄ to treat depression and anxiety.
- esmolol noun A cardioselective beta blocker used in parenteral forms in the treatment of arrhythmias and severe hypertension.
- esomeprazole noun An isomer of omeprazole (trademark Nexium) that is administered in the form of its magnesium salt (C₁₇H₁₈N₃O₃S)₂Mg especially in the…
- estr- prefix Used to form names of estrogens.
- estriol noun A relatively weak natural estrogenic hormone that is a glycol C₁₈H₂₄O₃ found in the body chiefly as a metabolite of estradiol, is the main…
- estrone noun A natural estrogenic hormone that is a ketone C₁₈H₂₂O₂ found in the body chiefly as a metabolite of and less potent than estradiol, that is…
- etacrynic acid noun A powerful diuretic drug used in the treatment of fluid retention, especially that associated with heart, liver, and kidney disorders.
- etanercept noun A protein drug that binds to and blocks the action of tumor necrosis factor and is administered by injection to treat various inflammatory…
- etaracizumab noun A humanized monoclonal antibody being investigated for the treatment of metastatic melanoma and various cancers.
- ethacridine noun An aromatic organic compound based on acridine, used as an antiseptic and as an agent for second-trimester abortion.
- ethambutol noun A synthetic bacteriostatic antimycobacterial drug C₁₀H₂₄N₂O₂ that is a derivative of ethylenediamine, used in the form of its hydrochloride…
- ethinylestradiol noun A derivative of 17β-estradiol, the major endogenous estrogen in humans, used in oral contraceptives.
- ethionamide noun An antibiotic prodrug C₈H₁₀N₂S effective only against mycobacteria and used in the treatment of tuberculosis and leprosy.
- ethnobotany noun The scientific study of traditional medicinal plants used by various ethnic groups.
- ethnopharmaceutical noun A drug or remedy of the kind examined by ethnopharmacy.
- etidronic acid noun The phosphonic acid (1-hydroxy-1-phosphono-ethyl)phosphonic acid which inhibits the formation, growth, and dissolution of hydroxyapatite…
- etoricoxib noun A synthetic, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug with antipyretic, analgesic, and potential antineoplastic properties.
- etretinate noun A retinoid drug C₂₃H₃₀O₃ used especially to treat severe psoriasis that has been withdrawn from use in the U.S. for its tendency to cause…
- etynodiol noun A synthetic progestogen C₂₀H₂₈O₂ used especially in birth control pills usually in combination with an estrogen.
- evergreen verb To extend the term of a patent beyond the normal legal limit, usually through repeated small modifications.
- evergreening noun The practice of slightly altering a drug to extend patent protections.
- excipient noun An ingredient that is intentionally added to a drug for purposes other than the therapeutic or diagnostic effect at the intended dosage.
- exemestane noun An antineoplastic drug C₂₀H₂₄O₂ (trademark Aromasin) that is taken orally in the treatment of advanced breast cancer in postmenopausal…
- exenatide noun Synthetic polypeptide exendin-4 that mimics the hormone incretin and is used for the treatment of diabetes.
- external adj Relating to or denoting a medicine or similar substance for use on the outside of the body.
- ezetimibe noun An antihyperlipidemic medication used to lower cholesterol levels by decreasing cholesterol absorption in the intestine.
- famciclovir noun A prodrug form C₁₄H₁₉N₅O₄ of the antiviral agent penciclovir that after oral administration is converted to penciclovir by cellular kinases…
- famotidine noun An H₂ antagonist C₈H₁₅N₇O₂S₃ (trademark Pepcid) used to inhibit gastric acid secretion especially in the short-term treatment of gastric…
- farmaceutical noun A medically valuable compound produced from modified agricultural crops or animals (usually through biotechnology).
- febuxostat noun A urate-lowering drug (trademark Uloric), an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase that is indicated for use in the treatment of hyperuricemia and…
- fedratinib noun A medication belonging to the class of Janus kinase inhibitors, used for the treatment of myeloproliferative diseases including…
- felbamate noun An anticonvulsant drug C₁₁H₁₄N₂O₄ that is used to treat severe epilepsy or epilepsy that is unresponsive to other drugs.
- felbinac noun biphenylylacetic acid, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug of the arylacetic acid class, used to treat muscle inflammation and arthritis
- fenamic acid noun 2-(phenylamino)benzoic acid, The parent structure for several nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, including mefenamic acid, tolfenamic…
- fenestrel noun A synthetic, non-steroidal estrogen developed as a postcoital contraceptive in the 1960s but was marketed.
- fenofibrate noun A lipid-regulating drug C₂₀H₂₁ClO₄ that is administered orally to reduce levels of LDL, triglyceride, and apolipoprotein B and increase…
- fentanyl noun A synthetic opioid narcotic analgesic, C₂₂H₂₈N₂O, with pharmacological action similar to morphine that is administered transdermally as a…
- fezakinumab noun A human monoclonal antibody against interleukin-22, designed for the treatment of psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis.
- filgotinib noun A medication, belonging to the class of Janus kinase inhibitors, used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
- finrozole noun A drug which acts as aromatase inhibitor thus reducing estrogen production; used e.g. in treating breast cancer.
- flecainide noun An antiarrhythmic drug administered in the form of its acetate C₁₇H₂₀F₆N₂O₃·C₂H₄O₂ especially to treat serious ventricular arrhythmias.
- flucloxacillin noun A narrow-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic of the penicillin class, used to treat infections caused by susceptible gram-positive bacteria.
- fluconazole noun An antifungal agent C₁₃H₁₂F₂N₆O used orally to treat cryptococcal meningitis and local or systemic candida infections.
- flucytosine noun A white crystalline synthetic antimycotic drug C₄H₄FN₃O, a fluorinated pyrimidine analogue structurally related to the cytostatic…
- fludarabine noun An antineoplastic agent that is an analog of vidarabine and is administered intravenously in the form of its phosphate C₁₀H₁₃FN₅O₇P…
- fludrocortisone noun A potent mineralocorticoid drug that is derived from hydrocortisone, possesses some glucocorticoid activity, and is administered in the…
- flunitrazepam noun A short-acting benzodiazepine derivative with relatively long-lasting sedative effects, used as a hypnotic and as a premedication for…
- fluocinolone noun A synthetic hydrocortisone derivative used in dermatology to reduce skin inflammation and relieve itching.
- fluorodopa noun A fluorinated form of L-DOPA primarily synthesized as its fluorine-18 isotopologue for use as a radiotracer in positron emission tomography.
- fluorotetralin noun a cyclic organic compound, often derived from fluorinated 1-tetralone, used as a chemical intermediate
- fluorouracil noun A fluorine-substituted derivative of uracil C₄H₃FN₂O₂ which inhibits DNA synthesis and is used as a chemotherapy drug in the treatment of…
- fluoxetine noun A synthetic compound which inhibits the uptake of serotonin in the brain and is taken to treat depression.
- fluoxymesterone noun A synthetic androgen C₂₀H₂₉FO₃ that is administered orally and is used especially in the treatment of testosterone deficiency in males and…
- flurazepam noun A benzodiazepine (trademark Dalmane) that is closely related structurally to diazepam and is used as a hypnotic in the form of its…
- flurbiprofen noun A member of the phenylalkanoic acid derivative family of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, used to treat the inflammation and pain of…
- flutemazepam noun A 3-hydroxy benzodiazepine derivative and analogue of temazepam that has hypnotic, sedative, amnesiac, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant and…
- fluvastatin noun A drug of the statin class, used to treat hypercholesterolemia and to prevent cardiovascular disease.
- fluvoxamine noun A synthetic antidepressant drug which acts by prolonging the effect of the neurotransmitter serotonin on the brain.
- FOLFOX noun A combination chemotherapy regimen consisting of the drugs folinic acid (leucovorin (FOL)), fluorouracil (5-FU, F), and oxaliplatin (OX).
- fomivirsen noun An antiviral drug used in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis in immunocompromised patients, including those with AIDS.
- formoterol noun An agonist used in the management of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, causing bronchodilation by relaxing the smooth…
- forodesine noun A transition-state analog inhibitor of purine nucleoside phosphorylase that is being developed to treat chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
- fosamprenavir noun An antiretroviral prodrug of the protease inhibitor amprenavir. It is used to treat HIV infected patients.
- fosamprenavir calcium noun The salt form of the protease inhibitor drug fosamprenavir used in the treatment of HIV infected patients.
- foscarnet sodium noun A hydrated sodium salt Na₃CO₅P·6 H₂O that is administered intravenously to individuals infected with HIV to treat retinitis caused by a…
- fosfestrol noun Diethylstilbestrol diphosphate, a synthetic non-steroidal estrogen of the stilbestrol group, used in the treatment of prostate cancer.
- fosfomycin noun A broad-spectrum antibiotic, 3-methyloxiran-2-ylphosphonic acid, obtained from certain Streptomyces bacteria.
- fosinopril noun An angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor used for the treatment of hypertension and some types of chronic heart failure.
- fresolimumab noun A human monoclonal antibody and immunomodulator under investigation for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, focal segmental…
- gabapentin noun An anticonvulsant drug C₉H₁₇NO₂ structurally related to gamma-aminobutyric acid that is administered orally as adjunctive therapy in the…
- gabexate noun A serine protease inhibitor ethyl 4-[6-(diaminomethylideneamino-)hexanoyloxy]benzoate that is used in the treatment of pancreatitis.
- gamma-butyrolactone noun The lactone of 4-hydroxybutyric acid; A colourless liquid used as a solvent or reagent in various industrial uses, as well as a…
- ganaxolone noun An epalon anesthetic related to allopregnanolone, with sedative, anxiolytic, and anticonvulsant effects.
- ganciclovir noun An antiviral medication C₉H₁₃N₅O₄ related to acyclovir and used especially to treat or prevent cytomegalovirus retinitis in…
- ganitumab noun A human monoclonal antibody against type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor, designed for the treatment of cancers.
- gastrokinetic adj Serving to increase motility of the gastrointestinal tract.
- gemfibrozil noun A drug C₁₅H₂₂O₃ that regulates blood serum lipids and is used especially to lower the levels of triglycerides and increase the levels of…
- gemifloxacin noun An oral broad-spectrum quinolone antibacterial agent used in the treatment of acute bacterial exacerbation of bronchitis and pneumonia.
- generic adj Of a product or drug, not having a brand name; nonproprietary in design or contents; fungible with the rest of its class.
- generic name noun A nonproprietary name given to a drug that is used to identify it irrespective of trademark.
- gentamicin noun A broad-spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic mixture, derived from an actinomycete (Micromonospora echinospora), extensively used as the…
- gepant noun Any of a class of drugs that are calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) inhibitors used to treat migraine.
- glasdegib noun A drug targeting the smoothened protein of the hedgehog signaling pathway, used for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia.
- gli- prefix Used to form names of antihyperglycemics.
- glibenclamide noun An oral sulfonylurea antidiabetic C₂₃H₂₈ClN₃O₅S (trademarks Diaβeta, Glycovance, Micronase) used similarly to glipizide.
- glipizide noun A sulfonylurea antidiabetic drug C₂₁H₂₇N₅O₄S (trademark Glucotrol) that lowers blood glucose levels and is used in the control of…
- gliptin noun Any of the class of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, a class of oral hypoglycemics that block DPP-4.
- glycyrrhetinic acid noun A pentacyclic triterpenoid derivative of the beta-amyrin type obtained from the hydrolysis of glycyrrhizic acid, used in flavoring to mask…
- golimumab noun A genetically engineered monoclonal antibody (trademark Simponi) that inhibits the activity of tumor necrosis factor and is administered by…
- goofball noun A pill or tablet containing a pharmaceutical which has hypnotic or intoxicating effects, especially a barbiturate.
- goserelin noun A synthetic peptide, that function as hormones that release gonadotropin, used to treat various cancers.