This page gathers the 1,193 dictionary entries belonging to the domain “Pathology”, as labelled by Wiktionary. Each word leads to its full entry: definitions, etymology, pronunciation, examples. Page 2 of 12: from “aplastic” to “C. diff”.
- aplastic adj Relating to aplasia.
- aplastic anemia noun A rare disease in which the bone marrow and the hematopoietic stem cells that reside there are damaged, causing pancytopenia.
- apneusis noun An abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by deep, gasping inspiration with a pause at full inspiration followed by a brief…
- apneustic adj Of or relating to apneusis.
- arachnoiditis noun A neuropathic disease caused by the inflammation of the arachnoid, one of the membranes that surround and protect the nerves of the spinal…
- Argyll Robertson pupil noun A sign of neurosyphilis in which a bilateral small pupil of the eye reduces in size when the patient focuses on a near object but does not…
- Argyll Robertson pupils noun Pupils which narrow to track an object as it approaches the face, but which will not narrow in reaction to increased light ("accommodating…
- argyrism noun silver poisoning
- aristolochic adj Caused by aristolochic acid.
- arrhythmic adj Suffering from cardiac arrhythmia.
- arteriosclerotic adj Of, pertaining to, or caused by arteriosclerosis
- arteriovenous malformation noun A congenital disorder in which arteries are connected directly to veins rather than through capillaries that distribute oxygen and…
- arthritic adj Of, or affected by arthritis.
- arthritogenicity noun The condition of being arthritogenic.
- asepsis noun The state of being free from sepsis.
- asthenozoospermia noun Condition in which a large proportion of spermatozoa produced in an ejaculate possess poor motility.
- asthma noun A long-term respiratory condition, in which the airways may unexpectedly and suddenly narrow, often in response to an allergen, cold air…
- asthmatic adj Having the characteristics of asthma.
- astigmatism noun A disorder of the vision, usually due to a misshapen cornea, such that light does not focus correctly on the retina causing a blurred image.
- ataxia noun Lack of coordination while performing voluntary movements, which may appear to be clumsiness, inaccuracy, or instability.
- ataxic respiration noun A medical condition characterized by irregular breathing with periods of apnea, or the cessation of breathing.
- atheroma noun An abnormal fatty deposit which develops within the walls of arteries.
- athlete's foot noun A fungal infection of the skin of the foot, usually between the toes, caused by pathogen fungi, such as Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton…
- atonic adj Lacking muscle tone.
- atopic dermatitis noun An atopic, hereditary, and non-contagious skin disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the skin.
- atrial fibrillation noun A cardiac arrhythmia (abnormal heart rhythm) that involves the two upper chambers (atria) of the heart.
- atrophy noun A reduction in the functionality of an organ caused by disease, injury or lack of use.
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder noun A developmental disorder in which a person has difficulty to concentrate and a persistent pattern of impulsiveness and inattention, with or…
- atypical pneumonia noun Pneumonia not caused by one of the pathogens most commonly associated with the disease, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus…
- aura noun A subjective sensation experienced at the onset of a neurological condition, especially a migraine headache or epileptic seizure.
- autism spectrum disorder noun A disorder involving any of a range of psychological conditions, all characterized by abnormal social interaction and communication…
- autoclasis noun destruction of tissue due to internal (or immunological) processes
- autoerythrocyte adj Involving interactions with an organism's own erythrocytes
- autoinoculation noun The spread of a disease to another part of the body via inoculation
- autolysis noun The destruction of an organism's cells by enzymes produced by the organism itself.
- auxetic adj Relating to auxesis
- auxeticity noun The quality of being auxetic (relating to auxesis).
- avascular necrosis noun A disease resulting from the temporary or permanent loss of the blood supply to the bones, causing bone tissue death and bone collapse.
- avulsion noun The loss or separation of a body part, either by surgery or due to trauma.
- azotemia noun The accumulation in the blood of nitrogen-bearing waste products (such as urea) that are usually excreted in the urine.
- azoturia noun A condition that affects the muscles of horses, ranging from stiffness and mild cramps to the horse becoming unable to stand, with…
- babesiosis noun Any of several malaria-like parasitic diseases in humans and other animals caused by Babesia, a genus of protozoa.
- bagasse noun Synonym of bagassosis (“pneumoconiosis caused by the inhalation of dust from bagasse (sense 1)”).
- Balkan endemic nephropathy noun A chronic, progressive form of interstitial nephritis, leading to kidney failure, that occurs in several discrete rural communities in…
- bane verb To cause (sheep) a disease, especially the rot (“a disease in which breakdown of tissue occurs”).
- barotrauma noun Damage to body tissue caused by a difference in pressure between an air space in or near the body and the surrounding air.
- Barrett's esophagus noun An abnormal change (metaplasia) in the cells of the lower end of the esophagus thought to be caused by damage from chronic acid exposure…
- Bartter syndrome noun A rare inherited disease characterised by a defect in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle, which results in hypokalemia and…
- bastard strangles noun A form of strangles, a bacterial upper respiratory tract infection of horses potentially causing airway obstruction, that has spread to…
- beech snap noun The breakage in wind at a height of about 5 meters of the trunk of a mature beech tree (Fagus grandifolia) weakened by disease, such as…
- Behçet's disease noun A multi-system disorder involving ulcerations on the mouth and sometimes the genitals, notorious for causing hypopyon uveitis (actually a…
- Bell's palsy noun A paralysis of cranial nerve VII (the facial nerve) resulting in inability to control facial muscles on the affected side.
- Belyando spew noun An illness afflicting shearers, characterised by vomiting after meals and presumed to have been due to the hard work of shearing bent over…
- bends noun Synonym of decompression sickness.
- benign prostatic hyperplasia noun A noncancerous increase in size of the prostate gland, often resulting in symptoms such as frequent urination, urinary urgency, involuntary…
- beriberi noun An ailment caused by a deficiency of thiamine (vitamin B1), leading to lethargy and organ complications.
- bichromatism noun The condition of being partially color blind.
- bilious adj Suffering from real or supposed liver disorder, especially excessive secretions of bile.
- Biot's respiration noun An abnormal breathing pattern produced by damage to the brainstem, consisting of regular deep inspirations followed by irregular periods of…
- bisphossy jaw noun A side-effect and disease caused by the consumption of bisphosphonate-based medications, resulting in the death of the jawbone and other…
- black fever noun Visceral leishmaniasis.
- black fungus noun Synonym of mucormycosis.
- black measles noun Synonym of esca (“a fungal disease afflicting grapes”).
- black root rot noun A fungal plant disease, caused mainly by Berkeleyomyces basicola, that causes roots to darken, decay, and leads to stunted growth in…
- black spot noun A fungal disease among plants, particularly roses, that results in black spots on the leaves.
- blackleg noun A fatal cattle disease caused by the soil-borne bacterium Clostridium chauvoei; symptomatic anthrax.
- blackwater fever noun A complication of malaria in which red blood cells burst in the bloodstream, consequently coloring the urine dark red or black.
- bladder fermentation syndrome noun A rare condition where ethanol is produced in the bladder through the fermentation of sugar by microorganisms, such as yeast.
- blastomycosis noun A fungal infection caused by the organism Blastomyces dermatitidis, endemic to parts of North America, whose clinical symptoms resemble…
- bleb noun A large vesicle or bulla, usually containing a serous fluid.
- blepharokeratoconjunctivitis noun A chronic inflammation of the eyelids, conjunctiva, and cornea caused mainly by long-term eyelid gland dysfunction and bacterial overgrowth.
- blight noun A diseased condition suffered by a plant; specifically, a complete and rapid chlorosis, browning, then death of plant tissues such as…
- blister blight noun An infection of tea plants, caused by the fungus Exobasidium vexans, characterized by blister-like lesions on the leaves.
- blistering noun The practice of forming blisters on the skin, to promote blood flow and aid healing.
- bloat verb To get an overdistended rumen, talking of a ruminant.
- blood clot noun A clot formed from platelets and other elements; that forms in a blood vessel in a living organism, and causes thrombosis or obstruction of…
- blood poisoning noun The presence in the bloodstream of microorganisms or their toxins in a sufficient quantity to cause serious illness; sepsis or septicemia.
- Bochdalek hernia noun A congenital diaphragmatic hernia, allowing normally intraabdominal organs to enter into the thoracic cavity.
- botryomycosis noun bacterial pseudomycosis; a rare chronic granulomatous bacterial infection that affects the skin and sometimes the viscera
- botulism noun Poisoning caused by the toxin from Clostridium botulinum, an anaerobic bacterium that grows in improperly prepared food.
- bovine spongiform encephalopathy noun A fatal, neurodegenerative disease of cattle, which is transmissible to humans through misshaped prion proteins, caused by eating infected…
- brachycephaly noun A congenital condition wherein the skull is flattened front-to-back, so that the head is short and broad.
- brachyolmia noun Amy of various disorders characterised by a short trunk, scoliosis and generalized platyspondyly, but without significant abnormalities in…
- bradyopsia noun A failure of the eyes to respond quickly to changing light levels, or to perceive a moving object against a bright background
- brain fever noun encephalitis or meningitis
- breakbone noun Breakbone fever.
- breakdown noun Injury to a horse's leg causing lameness; (countable) an instance of this.
- Bright's disease noun Any of several diseases of the kidney characterized by inflammation, and the presence of albumin in the urine; nephritis.
- Brill-Zinsser disease noun A delayed relapse of epidemic typhus (caused by Rickettsia prowazekii), occurring some time after the original infection, characterized by…
- Broca's aphasia noun A disorder where a sufferer is unable to use fluent grammar when speaking or writing, and utterances are almost always ungrammatical.
- brown rot noun especially, of stone fruit such as peaches and nectarines, caused by the fungus Monilinia fructicola
- brucellosis noun Infection by a bacterium of the genus Brucella, which is carried by ruminants and other mammals, with symptoms including recurring fevers…
- bubo noun An inflamed swelling of a lymph node, especially in the armpit or groin, due to an infection such as bubonic plague, gonorrhea…
- bubonic plague noun A contagious, often fatal, epidemic disease caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis, transmitted by the bite of fleas from an infected…
- bulimarexia noun An eating disorder involving both anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.
- bulimia noun A chronic eating disorder characterized by a binge-and-purge cycle: extreme overeating followed by self-induced vomiting.
- bulimia nervosa noun An eating disorder characterized by a binge-and-purge cycle: extreme overeating followed by self-induced vomiting.
- bundle branch block noun A heart condition in which the electrical impulses controlling the pace of the heart are not transmitted normally through either of the…
- bunion noun A bump or bulge on the first joint of the big toe caused by the swelling of a sac of fluid under the skin.
- C. diff noun A Clostridium difficile infection.