Etymology Possibly from Malay kampong, kampung (“group of buildings, village”), via Dutch or Portuguese, altered under the influence of Etymology 2. Doublet of kampung.
1
An enclosure within which workers, prisoners, or soldiers are confined.
2
An enclosure for secure storage.
A separate building on the west side will house a standby powerhouse and a workshop, and there will be an unroofed compound for compressed air cylinders and water tanks.1960 May 23, “New Signalbox at Manchester Victoria”, in Railway Magazine, page 310:
A total of 75 cycle spaces are being installed at three Greater Anglia stations - [...]. And a secure compound for bicycles is being built at Cambridge North.2020 December 2, “Network News: News in brief: More cycle spaces”, in Rail, page 27:
3
A group of buildings situated close together, e.g. for a school or block of offices.
Shepard: What kind of proof do you have that the major is dangerous? Transmission: Three days ago, we sent two Alliance representatives to meet with him at his compound. They have disappeared. We believe Kyle and his followers killed them. Transmission: That compound is a cult, Shepard. They call him 'Father Kyle' now. He's set himself up as some kind of religious leader.2008, BioWare, Mass Effect (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC, scene: Normandy SR-1:
Some 20 supporters managed to get inside the court compounds. About half an hour after the verdict was delivered, they gathered near the Constitutional Court entrance and shouted: "On March 24, use your pen to oust the dictator."2019 March 7, Yuda Masayuki, “Thai court: pro-Thaksin party must disband for nominating princess”, in Nikkei Asian Review, Nikkei Inc, retrieved 07 Mar 2019:
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Philippines, Broadly A group of buildings where members of the same extended family live together.
compound
adj
CA, US /ˈkɑmpaʊnd/
Etymology From Middle English compounen, from Middle French componre, compondre (“to put together”), from Latin componō, from Latin com- (“together”) + ponō (“to put”).
1
Composed of elements; not simple.
a compound word
Compound substances are made up of two or more simple substances.1725, Isaac Watts, Logick: Or, The Right Use of Reason in the Enquiry after Truth, […], 2nd edition, London: […] John Clark and Richard Hett, […], Emanuel Matthews, […], and Richard Ford, […], published 1726, →OCLC:
2
Mathematics, Sciences Dealing with numbers of various denominations of quantity, or with processes more complex than the simple process.
compound addition
compound proportion
3
Entertainment, Lifestyle, Music An octave higher than originally (i.e. a compound major second is equivalent to a major ninth).
Etymology From Middle English compounen, from Middle French componre, compondre (“to put together”), from Latin componō, from Latin com- (“together”) + ponō (“to put”).
To form (a resulting mixture) by combining different elements, ingredients, or parts; to mingle with something else.
to compound a medicine
Only compound me with forgotten dust.c. 1596–1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Fourth, […]. Epilogue.”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene v]:
3 more examples
We have the power of altering[…] and compounding those images[…] into all the varieties of picture.1712 July 1 (Gregorian calendar), [Joseph Addison; Richard Steele et al.], “FRIDAY, June 21, 1712”, in The Spectator, number 411; republished in Alexander Chalmers, editor, The Spectator; a New Edition, […], volume V, New York, N.Y.: D[aniel] Appleton & Company, 1853, →OCLC:
incapacitating him from successfully compounding a tale of this sort1819 December 20 (indicated as 1820), Walter Scott, Ivanhoe; a Romance. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), Edinburgh: […] Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co. […], →OCLC:
In eighteenth century France, many aphrodisiac dishes and pastries were compounded with chocolate.1961, Harry E. Wedeck, Dictionary of Aphrodisiacs, New York: The Citadel Press, page 62:
2
Law To settle by agreeing on less than the claim, or on different terms than those stipulated.
to compound a debt
3
To settle amicably; to adjust by agreement.
I pray, my lords, let me compound this strife.1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies. […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i]:
No! no—if Charles has done nothing false or mean, I shall compound for his extravagance1777, Richard Brinsley Sheridan, The School for Scandal, II.iii:
4
To come to terms of agreement; to settle by a compromise.
to compound with someone / for something
Here's a fellow will help you to-morrow; […] compound with him by the year.c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Measure for Measure”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene ii]:
3 more examples
They were at last glad to compound for his bare commitment to the Tower.1702–1704, Edward [Hyde, 1st] Earl of Clarendon, (please specify |book=I to XVI), in The History of the Rebellion and Civil Wars in England, Begun in the Year 1641. […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed at the [Sheldonian] Theater:
[Cornwall] compounded to furnish ten oxen after Michaelmas for thirty pounds.1609, Richard Carew, The Survey of Cornwall, London: […] S[imon] S[tafford] for Iohn Iaggard, […], →OCLC:
Compound for sins they are inclined to / By damning those they have no mind to.1662 (indicated as 1663), [Samuel Butler], “[The First Part of Hudibras]”, in Hudibras. The First and Second Parts. […], London: […] John Martyn and Henry Herringman, […], published 1678; republished in A[lfred] R[ayney] Waller, editor, Hudibras: Written in the Time of the Late Wars, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: University Press, 1905, →OCLC:
his pomp and all what state compoundsc. 1605–1608 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Tymon of Athens”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene ii]:
6
Business, Finance To increase in value with interest, where the interest is earned on both the principal sum and prior earned interest.
7
To worsen a situation.
[…] This latest example of nationalistic self-interest compounded anger across the EU over Trump’s travel ban, imposed last month without consultation or scientific justification.2020 April 12, Simon Tisdall, “US's global reputation hits rock-bottom over Trump's coronavirus response”, in The Guardian:
At the hill, the Warrior must have been at least ten lengths in front of Wild Dayrell; but he compounded about 200 yards on the T. Y. C. side of the Red House.1855, The Sporting Review, volume 34, page 240:
Etymology From Middle English compounen, from Middle French componre, compondre (“to put together”), from Latin componō, from Latin com- (“together”) + ponō (“to put”).
Chemistry, Natural sciences, Physical sciences A substance formed by chemical bonding of two or more elements in definite proportions by weight.
3
Chemistry, Natural sciences, Physical sciencesDated A substance made from any combination of ingredients.
A compound of spurge, cardamom, cinnamon of Mecca, pellitory, ginger, nettle seed is an Arab specific for sexual weakness.1961, Harry E. Wedeck, Dictionary of Aphrodisiacs, New York: The Citadel Press, page 228:
4
Law A legal procedure whereby a criminal or delinquent avoids prosecution in a court in exchange for his payment to the authorities of a financial penalty or fine.
5
Human sciences, Linguistics, Sciences A lexeme that consists of more than one stem.
Compositionally there is no great distinction between cell wall and cell surface, both are relatively transparent compounds, but both parts of the cell are of high significance in Biology due to their central role in cell functioning.2018, Clarence Green, James Lambert, “Position vectors, homologous chromosomes and gamma rays: Promoting disciplinary literacy through Secondary Phrase Lists”, in English for Specific Purposes, →DOI, page 8:
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Human sciences, Linguistics, Sciences A lexeme that consists of more than one stem or affix, e.g. "bookshop", "high school" or "non-standard".
In the majority of the compounds of non- the hyphen is usually retained; but it is commonly omitted in the case of a few, such as nonconformist, nonentity, nonsense, in which the etymology has been to some extent lost sight of.1989, OED2
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Rail transport, Railways, Transport A compound locomotive, a steam locomotive with both high-pressure and low-pressure cylinders.
From a dead stand, with regulator full open and the lever at about 50 per cent we got up to about 60 m.p.h. by the top of the bank. The big compound was making plenty of noise - but what musical and wonderful noise!1961 March, ""Balmore"", “Driving and firing modern French steam locomotives”, in Trains Illustrated, page 148:
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Abbreviation, Ellipsis Ellipsis of compound exercise.