Entry
Napoleon I — Emperor of the French, 1769–1821
A general of the Revolution who became First Consul and then Emperor of the French, he dominated European history from 1799 to 1815, durably reshaped the French state (Civil Code, prefects, lycées), and died in exile on Saint Helena. (Editorial synthesis)
Napoleon I’s father was Carlo Buonaparte. (source: Encyclopædia Britannica)
Napoleon I’s mother was Letizia Ramolino. (source: Fondation Napoléon)
Napoleon I married 2 times: Joséphine de Beauharnais (from 1796 to 1809, dissolution) and Marie Louise of Austria (since 1810). (source: Encyclopædia Britannica and Fondation Napoléon)
7 siblings are recorded for Napoleon I: Joseph Bonaparte, Lucien Bonaparte, Elisa Bonaparte, Louis Bonaparte, Pauline Bonaparte, Caroline Bonaparte, and Jérôme Bonaparte. (source: Fondation Napoléon)
3 offices are recorded for Napoleon I: First Consulship (from 1799 to 1804, proclamation of the Empire), imperial throne of the French (from 1804 to 1814, abdication), and imperial throne of the French (in 1815, second abdication). (source: Encyclopædia Britannica and Fondation Napoléon)
Napoleon I was born on 15 August 1769. (source: Encyclopædia Britannica)
Napoleon I’s time of birth is unknown to historians.
Napoleon I was born in Ajaccio. (source: Encyclopædia Britannica)
Napoleon I died on 5 May 1821. (source: Encyclopædia Britannica)
Napoleon I died at Longwood (Saint Helena). (source: Fondation Napoléon)
According to consensus, Napoleon I died of stomach cancer. A contested minority hypothesis suggests arsenic poisoning. (source: Fondation Napoléon)
Napoleon I was 1.68 m tall. (source: Encyclopædia Britannica)
Recorded child of Napoleon I: Napoleon II.
5 battles commanded are recorded: the Battle of Austerlitz (French Empire), the Battle of Jena (French Empire), the Battle of Waterloo (French Empire), the Egyptian campaign (French Republic), and the Russian campaign (French Empire).
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