This page gathers the 10,116 dictionary entries belonging to the domain “Chemistry”, as labelled by Wiktionary. Each word leads to its full entry: definitions, etymology, pronunciation, examples. Page 66 of 101: from “nuclear chemistry” to “omega-3 fatty acid”.
- nuclear chemistry noun The application of chemical techniques to the solution of problems in nuclear physics, including the discovery of naturally occurring and…
- nuclear quadrupole resonance noun A technique, related to nuclear magnetic resonance, that allows detection of transitions of atomic nuclei in the absence of a magnetic…
- nuclease noun Any of several enzymes capable of cleaving the phosphodiester bonds between the nucleotide subunits of nucleic acids.
- nucleic acid noun Any acidic, chainlike biological macromolecule consisting of multiple repeat units of phosphoric acid, sugar and purine and pyrimidine…
- nuclein noun A phosphorus-rich protein found in the nucleus of a cell, later specifically nucleohistone or nucleoprotamine; also, any similar compound…
- nucleo- prefix Forming words pertaining to the cell nucleus or to nucleic acid.
- nucleofugal adj Of or pertaining to a nucleofuge
- nucleolin noun A eukaryotic nucleolar phosphoprotein that is involved in the synthesis and maturation of ribosomes.
- nucleophile noun A compound or functional group that is attractive to centres of positive charge, and donates electrons, especially donating an electron…
- nucleophilic substitution noun in aliphatic organic chemistry, a form of substitution reaction in which the leaving functional group is replaced with a nucleophile
- nucleoside noun an organic molecule in which a nitrogenous heterocyclic base (or nucleobase), which can be either a double-ringed purine or a single-ringed…
- nucleotide noun The monomer constituting DNA or RNA biopolymer molecules. Each nucleotide consists of a nitrogenous heterocyclic base (or nucleobase)…
- nucleotidylexotransferase noun A specialized DNA polymerase expressed in immature, pre-B, pre-T lymphoid cells, and acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma cells, which…
- nucleus noun The massive, positively charged central part of an atom, made up of protons and neutrons.
- o- prefix ortho-
- obradovicite noun An orthorhombic-dipyramidal pea green mineral containing arsenic, copper, hydrogen, iron, molybdenum, oxygen, potassium, and sodium.
- obsidian noun A type of naturally occurring black glass produced by volcanoes.
- obtuanhydride noun A lichen-derived cyclic acid anhydride diterpene with IUPAC name…
- obtusaquinone noun The quinone methide (4E)-2-hydroxy-5-methoxy-4-[(E)-3-phenylprop-2-enylidene]cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-one present in Dalbergia retusa
- obtusifolin noun The anthraquinone derivative 2,8-dihydroxy-1-methoxy-3-methylanthracene-9,10-dione present in Senna obtusifolia
- och noun 6-oxocamphor hydrolase
- ochrephilone noun The chromenone (6aR,9R,9aR)-9-acetyl-3-[(1E,3E,5S)-3,5-dimethylhepta-1,3-dienyl]-6a-methyl-9,9a-dihydrofuro[2,3-h]isochromene-6,8-dione
- oct- prefix Used for the digit eight to form systematic element names of elements whose existence has been predicted, and which have not yet been given…
- octabasic adj containing eight replaceable hydrogen atoms
- octabromoporphyrin noun Any octabromo derivative of a porphyrin, some of which may be used in the spectrophotometric determination of lithium
- octacosane noun Any of very many isomers of the aliphatic hydrocarbon having 28 carbon atoms, but especially n-octacosane CH₃(CH₂)₂₆CH₃
- octacosanol noun Any aliphatic alcohol derived from octacosane, but especially 1-octacosanol that is found in plant waxes
- octadecane noun Any of very many isomeric alkanes having the formula C₁₈H₃₈, but especially n-octadecane CH₃(CH₂)₁₆CH₃.
- octadecanoid noun Relating to octadecanoic acid and its derivatives, but especially to polyunsaturated forms that are involved in the biosynthesis of…
- octadecatrienoic acid noun linolenic acid, eleostearic acid, calendic acid or other isomer of a trienoic fatty acid with 18 carbon atoms
- octadecyl noun Any of very many isomeric univalent hydrocarbon radicals, C₁₈H₃₇, formally derived from an octadecane by the loss of a hydrogen atom
- octadecylamine noun Any of very many isomeric amines derived from an octadecane, but especially the primary amine CH₃(CH₂)₁₇NH₂
- octadienal noun Any of several isomeric unsaturated aliphatic aldehyde having eight carbon atoms and two double bonds.
- octaethylene glycol noun A short-chain polyethylene glycol made of eight ethylene oxide units with a hydroxyl group at each end. It is a water-soluble, flexible…
- octaethylporphyrin noun A synthetic porphyrin compound with eight ethyl groups on its ring structure. It forms a stable, aromatic macrocycle that can bind metals…
- octahedrane noun A hypothetical paddlane derivative, in the form of an octahedron, that would be an allotrope of carbon
- octahydrate noun A hydrate whose solid contains eight molecules of water of crystallization per molecule, or per unit cell.
- octahydrocurcumin noun The metabolite of curcumin (3S,5S)-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)heptane-3,5-diol that shows anticancer activity
- octahydronaphthalene noun A partially hydrogenated derivative of naphthalene with the molecular formula C₁₀H₁₆ and it consists of two fused six-membered carbon rings…
- octahydroxyanthraquinone noun A highly hydroxylated organic compound derived from the anthraquinone molecule. It consists of an anthraquinone core with eight hydroxyl…
- octakis- prefix A variant of octo-, used for substitutions of eight complex rather than simple units: octakis(dimethylamino)tetraphosphonitrile
- octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane noun A cyclic silicone compound made of a ring of silicon and oxygen atoms with methyl groups attached. It’s mainly used as a raw material for…
- octamethylene noun Eight methylene groups in a molecule (typically in a row, with substituents or functional groups at each end)
- octamethylpyrophosphoramide noun A synthetic organophosphorus compound that was developed as an insecticide. It works by disrupting nerve function in insects by inhibiting…
- octane noun Any of the eighteen isomeric aliphatic hydrocarbons (C₈H₁₈) found in petroleum, especially an iso-octane 2,2,4 trimethyl-pentane; they are…
- octanedione noun Any of several isomeric diketones, derived from octane, that are used as intermediates in organic synthesis
- octanol noun Any of many isomers of the saturated aliphatic alcohol having eight carbon atoms, but especially the simple primary alcohol n-octanol; its…
- octavalent adj Having an atomic valence of 8.
- octenal noun Any of several isomeric unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes having eight carbon atoms and one double bond.
- octene noun Any of many isomeric alkenes having eight carbon atoms and one double bond; some of them are used in the manufacture of polymers
- octet rule noun A rule stating that atoms lose, gain, or share electrons in order to have a full valence shell of 8 electrons. (Hydrogen is excluded…
- octocrylene noun An ester formed by the condensation of a diphenylcyanoacrylate with 2-ethylhexanol, used in sunscreens and cosmetics.
- octoic adj Pertaining to, derived from, or resembling octane; used mostly to designate any of a group of acids including caprylic acid.
- octopamine noun An aromatic amine, 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxy-ethyl)phenol, related to noradrenaline, having similar characteristics to dopamine.
- octopine noun An analog of lactic acid, derived from the amino acids arginine and alanine, first isolated from the muscle tissue of octopus species.
- octyl noun Any of very many isomeric univalent hydrocarbon radicals, C₈H₁₇, formally derived from octane by the loss of a hydrogen atom
- octylamine noun Any of very many isomeric amines derived from an octane, but especially the primary amine CH₃(CH₂)₇NH₂
- odinite noun A monoclinic-domatic mineral containing aluminum, hydrogen, iron, magnesium, manganese, oxygen, silicon, and titanium.
- odintsovite noun An orthorhombic-dipyramidal mineral containing beryllium, calcium, oxygen, potassium, silicon, sodium, and titanium.
- odmyl noun A volatile liquid, said to have an unpleasant garlicky odour, obtained by boiling sulfur with linseed oil.
- oganesson tetratennesside noun A hypothetical chemical compound, OgTs₄, notable for being about the heaviest 5-atom molecule possible with known elements.
- ogdensburgite noun An orthorhombic-dipyramidal mineral containing arsenic, calcium, hydrogen, iron, manganese, oxygen, and zinc.
- oh symbol A hydroxyl, or alcohol, functional group.
- ohmilite noun A monoclinic-prismatic light pink mineral containing hydrogen, iron, oxygen, silicon, strontium, and titanium.
- oil of spike noun An aromatic oil extracted from the European broad-leaved lavender, or aspic (Lavandula latifolia), used in varnish and in veterinary…
- ojuelaite noun A monoclinic-prismatic greenish yellow mineral containing arsenic, hydrogen, iron, oxygen, and zinc.
- oleacein noun The phenolic ester 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl (Z)-4-formyl-3-(2-oxoethyl)hex-4-enoate present in olive oil
- oleanane noun A natural triterpene forming the central core for a wide variety of chemical compounds in flowering plants
- oleanonic acid noun The pentacyclic triterpenoid carboxylic acid 3-oxoolean-12-en-28-oic acid, isolated from Pistacia, that inhibits leukotriene synthesis and…
- olefin noun Any of a class of unsaturated open-chain hydrocarbons such as ethylene; an alkene with only one carbon-carbon double bond.
- oleic adj Of or pertaining to oleic acid or its derivatives.
- oleic acid noun An unsaturated fatty acid, having 18 carbon atoms and one double bond, found in olive oil and very many other vegetable and animal oils and…
- oleicum noun oleic acid, (an organic acid prepared from fatals, appearing as a yellowish liquid), used to form oleates
- olein noun Any glyceride of oleic acid
- olenite noun A trigonal-ditrigonal pyramidal light pink mineral containing aluminum, boron, hydrogen, oxygen, silicon, and sodium.
- oleocanthal noun A tyrosol ester isolated from extra-virgin olive oil, with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
- oleochemical noun Any organic compound derived from a natural vegetable oil or animal fat
- oleometer noun An instrument, a kind of hydrometer, for determining the density (and therefore purity) of various commercial oils, like those from marine…
- oleone noun An oily liquid obtained by distillation of calcium oleate, and probably consisting of the ketone of oleic acid.
- oleuropein noun A complex glycoside, found in the leaves of olive and privet, that may have a beneficial effect on the immune system.
- oleylamine noun An unsaturated fatty amine with the chemical formula C₁₈H₃₅NH₂, used as a surfactant and in the synthesis of nanoparticles.
- olfactomedin noun Any of a class of polymeric glycoproteins that are a major component of the extracellular matrix of olfactory neuroepithelium
- olgite noun A trigonal-hexagonal scalenohedral mineral containing barium, oxygen, phosphorus, sodium, and strontium.
- oligoaniline noun Any of a class of compounds containing short strings of aniline residues fused into polycyclic structures
- oligoclase noun A plagioclase feldspar, the second member of the Albite-Anorthite solid solution series. Primarily found as small crystals in impure…
- oligoester noun an ester oligomer chain containing a small number of repeating ester units (monomers). (Oligoesters are short analogs of polymeric…
- oligoethylene noun Several ethylene groups in a molecule (typically in a row, but separated from each other by an atom such as oxygen)
- oligofluorene noun Any of a class of aromatic polycyclic hydrocarbons consisting of several fluorene units attached end to end.
- oligomer noun A compound intermediate between a monomer and a polymer, normally having a specified number of units between about five and a hundred.
- oligonucleotidase noun Any enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of an oligonucleotide, but especially an exoribonuclease derived from Flammulina velutipes.
- oligophenyl noun Any of a family of linear aromatic hydrocarbons having a structure of several benzene rings joined by single bonds
- oligosaccharide noun A polysaccharide of low molecular weight, being a polymer of between three and eight monosaccharide units.
- olivetol noun 5-pentylresorcinol or 5-pentyl-1,3-benzenediol, an organic compound found in certain lichens. It is also a precursor in various syntheses…
- olivetoric acid noun A lichen derived organic acid with is a condensation of olivetolic acid with another similar acid. It has IUPAC name…
- olivil noun A white crystalline substance, obtained from an exudation from the olive, and having a bittersweet taste and acid properties.
- olivine noun Any of a group of olive green magnesium-iron silicate minerals that crystallize in the orthorhombic system.
- olmsteadite noun An orthorhombic-pyramidal mineral containing hydrogen, iron, niobium, oxygen, phosphorus, potassium, and tantalum.
- olsalazine noun A disodium salicylate C₁₄H₁₀N₂O₆ that is administered orally and is converted in the body to an aminosalicylic acid having an…
- olympiadane noun A mechanically interlocked molecule composed of five interlocking macrocycles, resembling the Olympic Rings.
- omega-3 fatty acid noun Any polyunsaturated fatty acid having a double bond between the third and fourth carbon atoms from the end of the molecule farthest from…