This page gathers the 9,272 dictionary entries belonging to the domain “Biology”, as labelled by Wiktionary. Each word leads to its full entry: definitions, etymology, pronunciation, examples. Page 73 of 93: from “regulation” to “revolute”.
- regulation noun Mechanism controlling DNA transcription.
- regulator noun A gene involved in controlling the expression of one or more other genes.
- regulome noun The whole set of regulation components in a cell, tissue, organ, organism, and species, usually used in the context of a signal…
- regulon noun A group of genes that are regulated by the same regulatory molecule. The genes of a regulon share a common regulatory element binding site…
- reindeer noun Any species, subspecies, ecotype, or other scientific grouping of such animals.
- reintroduction noun The release of animals from captivity into the wild, especially, into an area where they have become extirpated or greatly reduced.
- reinvader noun Something that reinvades.
- reiterate noun A tree with vertical branches alongside the main trunk and which continue to grow upwards.
- rejuvenescence noun The escape of the protoplasm of a cell and its conversion into a cell of a different character, as in certain algae.
- release noun The process by which a chemical substance is set free.
- relict noun A species, organism, or ecosystem that has survived from a previous age: one that was once widespread but is now found only in a few areas.
- remigrant noun An insect that migrates back to a previous host.
- remineralization noun The continuous reintroduction of minerals into bone and teeth.
- remiped adj Having oar-like feet.
- remipede noun Any of several small, marine, cave-dwelling crustaceans, of the class Remipedia, characterized by a short head and a long trunk bearing…
- remontant adj That flowers more than once in each season.
- remotion noun Backward motion.
- renaturalization noun The act of restoring the natural environment in an area.
- reniform adj Synonym of kidney-shaped (“having an approximately circular or elongated ovoid shape with an inward curve or indentation on one side”).
- renin noun A circulating enzyme released by mammalian kidneys that converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin I. Due to its activity which ultimately…
- rennin noun A proteolytic enzyme, obtained from the gastric juice of the abomasum of calves, used to coagulate milk and make cheese.
- repand adj Having a slightly undulating margin.
- repeat noun A pattern of nucleic acids that occur in multiple copies throughout a genome (or of amino acids in a protein).
- repeat unit noun A specific sequence of bases that repeats within a nucleic acid (or of amino acids within a protein)
- repent adj Creeping along the ground.
- replicate adj Folded over or backward; folded back upon itself.
- replication noun The process of producing replicas of DNA or RNA molecules.
- replicon noun A DNA molecule or a region of DNA that replicates as an individual unit. A replicon may be, for instance, a chromosome, a plasmid or a…
- replitase noun A multienzyme complex of mammalian cells that produces deoxynucleoside triphosphates for DNA synthesis
- reporter noun A gene attached by a researcher to a regulatory sequence of another gene of interest, typically used as an indication of whether a certain…
- repressilator noun An artificial system, genetically implemented using Escherichia coli and green fluorescent protein, that exhibits stable oscillation.
- repressor noun Any protein that binds to DNA and thus regulates the expression of genes by decreasing the rate of transcription.
- reproduce verb To generate or propagate offspring or organisms sexually or asexually.
- reproductive noun A reproductive organism (especially such as in an insect).
- reprogenetics noun The use of genetics in reproduction, especially in order to choose traits in an offspring or to minimize the risk of genetic disease.
- reprogramming noun The erasure and reestablishment of DNA methylation during mammalian development
- reptile noun Any member of the class Reptilia, including birds.
- reptilian adj Of or relating to the members of the class Reptilia (reptiles).
- repugnatorial adj Defensive or repulsive, particularly as applied to glands of certain invertebrates, with which they produce poisonous or repugnant…
- repullulate verb To bud or sprout again.
- repullulation noun A second or subsequent budding.
- rescue verb To restore a particular trait in an organism that was lost or altered, especially where this loss was as the consequence of some…
- reseda noun Any of various plants of the genus Reseda having small, pale grayish green flowers, such as dyer's rocket (Reseda luteola) and mignonette…
- resequencing noun The sequencing of part of an individual's genome in order to detect sequence differences between the individual and the standard genome of…
- residualizing adj Of a label/tag or a radionuclide that ramains within a biological component (e.g. a cell) for a long duration (days) after internalisation
- residue noun A molecule that is released from a polymer after bonds between neighbouring monomers are broken, such as an amino acid in a polypeptide…
- resilin noun An elastic protein found in the exoskeletons of insects, facilitating, for example, folding wings or jumping relatively great distances.
- resolvin noun Any of various compounds that are made by the human body from the omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid…
- resorb verb To dissolve (bone, sinew, suture, etc.) and assimilate it.
- respawn verb To spawn again.
- respawner noun An organism that spawns again.
- respirable adj Of an organism: capable of respiration.
- respirasome noun A supramolecular structure formed by the assembly of enzymes of the mitochondrial respiratory chain.
- respiratory pigment noun any of several coloured metal-containing protein pigments which combine reversibly with oxygen and which are found in the tissues of…
- respire verb To take up oxygen and produce carbon dioxide (as animals do), or vice versa (as plants do).
- response time noun The period of time between the application of a stimulus and the associated response from a cell or tissue.
- restio noun Any member of the family Restionaceae of perennial, evergreen, rush-like flowering plants native to the Southern Hemisphere.
- restreak verb To repeat a streaking procedure
- restriction noun The mechanism by which a cell degrades foreign DNA material.
- resupinate adj Having the appearance of being upside down.
- resupination noun The twisting of flowers or leaves by about 180° as they open.
- resuspend verb To undergo (or cause to undergo) resuspension.
- resuspension noun The renewed suspension of a precipitated sediment, such as stirring up settled mud at the bottom of a body of water.
- resveratrol noun A phenolic substance, 3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene, a stilbenoid and phytoalexin, that is found in some fruits and nuts, and in red wine, and…
- rete mirabile noun A complex of blood vessels found in some vertebrates that preserves a gradient of a certain solute or particle, originally specifically the…
- retepore noun Any of several species of bryozoans of the genus Reteporella (syn. Retepora) or the family Reteporidae, that form delicate calcareous…
- retiary noun Any spider that spins webs to catch its prey.
- reticularian noun Any of Reticularia, a division of rhizopods.
- reticuloperitonitis noun Inflammation of the reticulum and the peritoneum in ruminants, which is usually caused by, part of, and metonymically synonymous with…
- reticulum noun A network. For example, the endoplasmic reticulum forms a network of cellular components that functions as a transportation system within…
- retinaculum noun One of the retractor muscles of the proboscis of certain worms.
- retinal noun A yellow to orange aldehyde derived from vitamin A that is formed from rhodopsin by the action of light and in combination with proteins…
- retinene noun retinaldehyde
- retineum noun Part of the eye of an invertebrate which corresponds in function with the retina of a vertebrate, hypothetical membrane resembling the…
- retinochrome noun Any of a class of photosensitive pigment, related to rhodopsin, located primarily in the inner portions of the visual cells of cephalopods
- retinoic acid noun A derivative of vitamin A, used in the treatment of acne; it is essential for bone and tissue development.
- retinoid noun Any of a class of compounds whose structure or effects on the body resemble retinol (vitamin A).
- retinol noun A fat-soluble carotenoid vitamin (vitamin A), present in fish oils and green vegetables, essential to normal vision and to bone development.
- retinophora noun One of a group of two to four united cells which occupy the axial part of the ocelli, or ommatidia, of the eyes of invertebrates, and…
- retract verb To draw (an extended body part) back into the body.
- retractor noun A muscle serving to draw in any part.
- retrograde adj Of an animal: appearing to regress to a less developed form during its lifetime.
- retrogression noun A return to a less complex condition.
- retroinhibition noun A form of feedback in a cyclic metabolic pathway in which an end product inhibits an allosteric enzyme that starts the reaction
- retromer noun A complex of proteins, first identified in yeast, which plays an important role in recycling transmembrane receptors from endosomes to the…
- retropose verb To insert into a chromosome following reverse transcription
- retroposition noun The insertion of a fragment of DNA into a chromosome following reverse transcription
- retrotransport noun transport in an opposite direction
- retrovirus noun Any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell, thus changing the genome of that cell.
- reuptake verb To take up again; to reabsorb.
- revegetate verb To produce new vegetation on (a barren ground or area); to colonize (barren ground).
- reverse adj Reversed.
- reverse shell noun A univalve shell whose volutions run in the opposite direction to that of a standard screw thread.
- reverse transcription noun The process of creating double-stranded DNA from a single-stranded RNA template (the reverse of the standard process).
- reverse-transmigratory neutrophil noun A type of neutrophil which can transmigrate from inflamed tissue back into the circulation, retaining its proinflammatory phenotype.
- reversed adj Resupinate.
- reversion noun The return of a genetic characteristic after a period of suppression.
- revert verb To return to an earlier or primitive type or state; to take on the traits or characters of an ancestral type.
- revertant adj That has reverted to its former genotype or to the original phenotype by means of a subsequent mutation.
- revolute adj Having the edges rolled with the abaxial side outward.