proteranthous meaning (rare): definition

proteranthous

adj

UK /ˌpɹəʊtəɹˈænθəs/ · US /ˌproʊtəɹˈænθəs/

Etymology PIE word *h₂éndʰos From protero- (prefix meaning ‘earliest, first’) + -anthous (suffix specifying appearance or behavior of a plant's flowers).

Biology, Botany, Natural sciences Rare Of a plant: having flowers that appear earlier than the leaves.

Proteranthous (-us). Where flowering precedes leafing.[1879, Asa Gray, Gray’s Botanical Text-book. Vol. I. Structural Botany or Organography on the Basis of Morphology. […], 6th edition, New York, N.Y.; Cincinnati, Oh.: American Book Company from the press of Ivison, Blakeman & Company, →OCLC, page 428, column 2:
The prevernal period begins with the first blooming after the period of rest, and lasts until the foliation of the proteranthous trees, altogether hardly more than two weeks.1898, Roscoe Pound, Fredreric E[dward] Clements, “The Vegetation Forms of the Flora”, in The Phytogeography of Nebraska. 1. General Survey, 2nd edition, Lincoln, Neb.: […] [T]he [Botanical] Seminar [Botanical Survey of Nebraska, University of Nebraska], published 1900, →OCLC, page 143:

1 more example

The heteranthous inflorescence is a development from the proteranthous condition in which the growth of the pseudobulb and leaves is deferred until after the flowering […]1957, Richard E[ric] Holttum, H. B. Gilliland, A Revised Flora of Malaya: An Illustrated Systematic Account of the Malayan Flora, Including Commonly Cultivated Plants, 2nd edition, volume 1 (Orchids of Malaya), Singapore: Government Printing Office, →OCLC:

Biology, Botany, Natural sciences Rare Of a plant: having leaves that appear earlier than the flowers.

Proteranthous; when leaves appear before the flowers.[1836, Asa Gray, “Glossology”, in Elements of Botany, New York, N.Y.: G. & C. Carvill & Co., →OCLC, page 380:
In hysteranthous plants, the photosynthesis rate is very low from flower emergence until anthesis. […] In contrast, in proteranthous growth the foliage dies down before the flower is produced and photosynthesis takes place before flowering[…].2012 July 16, Rina Kamenetsky, “Biodiversity of Geophytes: Phytogeography, Morphology, and Survival Strategies”, in Rina Kamenetsky, Hiroshi Okubo, editors, Ornamental Geophytes: From Basic Science to Sustainable Production, Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press, →ISBN, page 59:

Related terms: proteranthy