Laplacian matrix
nounEtymology Named after Pierre-Simon, marquis de Laplace (1749 – 1827), a French scholar whose work was important to the development of mathematics, statistics, physics and astronomy.
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Graph theory, Mathematics, Sciences A square n×n matrix which describes an undirected graph of n vertices by letting rows and columns correspond to vertices, letting its diagonal elements contain the degrees of corresponding vertices and letting its non-diagonal elements contain either −1 or 0 depending on whether there is or there is not (respectively) an edge connecting the pair of corresponding vertices.